近年来，受生活微环境及复杂因素的影响，呼吸系统疾病的发病率逐年上升，例如慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）、支气管哮喘、肺炎、肺癌和急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）等。基于“肺与大肠相表里”中医理论，提出了“肺-肠”轴理论，“肺-肠”轴是指肺部和肠道之间微生物和/或其代谢物和免疫调节信号的相互交换。基于此理论，“从肠治肺”“肺肠同调”被广泛运用于临床实践。对“肺-肠”轴理论、肺部和肠道微生物群如何调节免疫应答、“肺-肠”轴之间的免疫联系及中药复方通过调控“肺-肠”轴治疗呼吸系统疾病的作用研究进展进行综述，为呼吸系统疾病治疗提供理论依据，为新药研发开拓思路。

In recent years, due to the influence of living microenvironment and complex factors, the incidence of respiratory diseases has increased year by year, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchial asthma, pneumonia, lung cancer and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which undoubtedly increases the burden of medical care. The “lung- intestinal” axis refers to the mutual exchange of microbes and/or their metabolites and immunomodulatory signals between the lungs and the gut. Based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory of "the lung and large intestine being interior-exteriorly related," the "lung-gut" axis theory has been proposed. The "lung-gut" axis refers to the mutual exchange of microorganisms and/or their metabolites and immune-regulatory signals between the lungs and the intestines. Based on this theory, "treating lung diseases from the intestine" and "simultaneously regulating the lung and intestine" have been widely applied in clinical practice. This review summarizes the "lung-gut" axis theory, how microbial communities in the lungs and intestines regulate immune responses, the immune connections between the "lungintestinal" axis, and the research progress on the therapeutic effects of Chinese medicinal formulae in treating respiratory diseases by modulating the "lung-intestinal " axis. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of respiratory diseases and to explore new ideas for drug development.

R285.5

黑龙江中医药大学优秀创新人才支持计划（2018RCL13）