肺癌在我国癌症中发病率和死亡率均居首位。当前肺癌的治疗仍以手术、放疗、化疗及靶向治疗等为主，但此类疗法不仅适用范围有限，还可能引发多种不良反应，进而影响患者生活质量及预后。中药在肺癌治疗领域积累了丰富的理论与实践经验，兼具不良反应少、多靶点作用等优势。近年来大量研究表明，中药皂苷类成分可通过诱导细胞凋亡、抑制增殖与侵袭、逆转耐药、调控上皮间质转化（EMT）、调节肿瘤免疫微环境、干预糖酵解、抑制血管生成、诱导铁死亡及调控自噬等多种机制，延缓肺癌发生发展。系统总结中药皂苷类成分治疗肺癌的作用机制研究成果，以期为肺癌新药研发提供思路、为中药抗肺癌研究提供理论支持，并为后续深入探索奠定基础。

Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rate among all cancers in China. Currently, the treatment of lung cancer mainly relies on surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy, but these methods have limited application scope and may cause various adverse reactions, which can affect the quality of life and prognosis of patients. Traditional Chinese medicine has accumulated rich theoretical and practical experience in the treatment of lung cancer, and has the advantages of fewer adverse reactions and multi-target effects. In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that saponin components of traditional Chinese medicine can delay the occurrence and development of lung cancer through multiple mechanisms, such as inducing apoptosis, inhibiting proliferation and invasion, reversing drug resistance, regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), modulating the tumor immune microenvironment, interfering with glycolysis, inhibiting angiogenesis, inducing ferroptosis and regulating autophagy. Systematically summarizing the research results on the mechanism of action of saponin components of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of lung cancer is expected to provide ideas for the development of new drugs for lung cancer, theoretical support for the research of traditional Chinese medicine against lung cancer, and lay the foundation for further in-depth exploration.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(82204981)；河南省中医药科学研究专项课题资助项目（2024ZY2061）；河南省中医院博士科研基金资助项目（2024BSJJ05）；河南中医药大学 2023 年度研究生科研创新能力提升计划项目（2023KYCX043）；河南中医药大学 2023 年度研究生科研创新能力提升计划项目（2023KYCX051）