药食同源物质兼具“药”与“食”的双重特性，既有药品的治疗疗效，又有食品的安全性和稳定性，在辅助治疗疾病、营养补充以及保健养生等方面发挥着重要作用。近年来，随着人们生活水平的提高和健康意识的增强，药食同源物质的市场需求量持续增长。现阶段，对于药食同源物质的研究大多聚焦于药品及保健品等开发，以致力于功效挖掘。然而，对药食同源物质可能存在的安全风险研究相对较少，比如，部分药食同源物质本身含有安全风险物质，在种植、加工等过程中还可能存在农药残留、重金属超标、真菌毒素或其他外源性残留物污染等安全隐患问题。因此，系统综述药食同源物质安全性风险评估的研究进展，深入剖析影响其安全性的各类因素，并进一步探讨安全风险评估新技术的应用以及未来的发展方向。旨在为药食同源物质精准、科学的安全性风险评估提供一定的参考，从而更好地保障公众健康，推动药食同源产业健康、可持续发展。

Medicine and food homologous substances have the dual characteristics of "medicine" and "food", both the therapeutic effect of drugs, and the safety and stability of food, and play an important role in the auxiliary treatment of diseases, nutritional supplements and health care. In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards and the enhancement of health awareness, the market demand for medical-food homologous substances continues to grow. At present, most of the research on the homologous substances of medicine and food focuses on the development of drugs and health products, so as to devote to the efficacy mining. However, there are relatively few studies on the possible safety risks of medicine and food homologous substances. For example, some medicine and food homologous substances themselves contain safety risk substances, and there may be pesticide residues, excessive heavy metals, fungal toxins or other external residue pollution in the process of cultivation and processing. Therefore, this paper systematically reviewed the research progress of safety risk assessment of medicine and food homologous substances, deeply analyzed various factors affecting their safety, and further discussed the application and future development direction of new safety risk assessment technology. The aim is to provide a certain reference for accurate and scientific safety risk assessment of medicine and food homologous substances, so as to better protect public health and promote the healthy and sustainable development of medicine and food homologous industry.

R965.3

国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFC2804600）；泰山学者工程资助项目（tsqn202211204）； 齐鲁工业大学（山东省科学院）科教产融合试点工程重大创新类项目（2025ZDZX14）