目的 运用文献计量学方法系统解析银杏内酯药理作用研究的演进轨迹、知识结构与前沿热点，为深化药理机制研究及临床转化提供循证依据。方法 基于中国学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）和Web of Science核心合集数据库，系统检索建库至2025年2月20日收录的银杏内酯药理作用相关文献，纳入中英文文献1 000篇（中文751篇、英文249篇），运用Cite Space 6.2.R4和VOSviewer软件进行多维度计量分析，构建作者、期刊、机构、国家合作图谱及关键词共现、聚类、演进图谱。结果 研究呈现显著阶段性特征，年均发文量由2000年前的不足3篇增长至2025年的79篇。发文期刊聚焦药学领域，《中国中药杂志》《中国药理学通报》及Journal of Ethnopharmacology为核心载体，3刊累计发文量占比达21.3%。科研合作网络分析显示，以肖伟（江苏康缘药业）、王振中（南京中医药大学）及谢鹏（澳门大学）为核心的跨学科团队形成3大研究集群。关键词共现网络识别出“神经保护”“氧化应激”“血脑屏障”等核心节点，时区图检测发现“肥胖”“认知障碍”“衰老”“抗癌”等为新兴研究热点。结论 近30年来银杏内酯研究呈现从基础药理向临床转化、从单一机制向多组学整合的研究范式转变。当前热点集中于神经保护及脑卒中的治疗与预后领域。未来重点攻关方向包括分子机制的精准解析和银杏内酯递药系统的创新设计。

Objective Bibliometrics was used to systematically analyze the evolutionary trajectory, knowledge structure and frontier hotspots in the research on the pharmacological effects of ginkgolides, aiming to provide evidence-based references for deepening the study of pharmacological mechanisms and facilitating clinical transformation. Methods Based on the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and the Web of Science Core Collection databases, a systematic search was conducted to retrieve literature related to the pharmacological effects of ginkgolides, covering records from the inception of the databases up to February 20th, 2025. A total of 1 000 articles (751 in Chinese and 249 in English) were included in the study. Multi-dimensional bibliometrics analyses were performed by using Cite Space 6.2.R4 and VOSviewer software to construct author, periodical, institution, country collaboration maps, as well as keyword co-occurrence, clustering and evolutionary maps. Results The research showed distinct stage characteristics. The average annual number of publications increased from less than three articles before 2020 to 79 articles from 2000 to 2025. Bibliometric analysis reveals that journals focusing on pharmaceutical sciences, with China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin, and Journal of Ethnopharmacology serving as core publication platforms, collectively account for 21.3% of the total literature output. Analysis of scientific collaboration networks identified three major interdisciplinary research clusters centered around key investigators: Wei Xiao (Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical), Zhenzhong Wang (Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine), and Peng Xie (University of Macau). Keyword co-occurrence network analysis pinpointed core research nodes including 'neuroprotection', 'oxidative stress', and 'blood-brain barrier'. Time-zone mapping detected emerging research hotspots such as 'obesity', 'cognitive impairment', 'aging', and 'anticancer'. Conclusion Over the past three decades, research on ginkgolides has undergone a paradigm shift, evolving from fundamental pharmacological investigations towards clinical translation and from single-mechanism studies towards integrated multi-omics approaches. Current research focus is concentrated on neuroprotection and the therapeutic and prognostic applications in stroke. Future research priorities include the precise elucidation of molecular mechanisms and the innovative design of ginkgolide drug delivery systems. This study represents the first multi-dimensional bibliometric analysis to systematically delineate the dynamic evolution of ginkgolide research, providing data-driven support for optimizing research resource allocation.

R285.5

秦巴生物资源与生态环境重点实验室（培育） “市校共建”科研专项（SXZC-2302）； 陕西省重点研发计划项目（2022SF-406）