随着肿瘤免疫治疗的不断发展，肿瘤治疗性树突状细胞（DC）疫苗逐渐成为了新药研发的热点。截止2025年9月5日，全世界进行的关于DC疫苗的临床试验已超过400项，但目前的研究即使达到主要终点，因为患者数量较少，在统计学上也无意义，目前多数产品正在开展II/III期临床研究。在适应证方面，研究治疗前列腺癌、黑色素瘤、神经胶质母细胞瘤、胰腺癌、非小细胞肺癌等实体瘤的临床研究较多，纳入的患者通常为癌症晚期、标准治疗无效的患者。对目前肿瘤治疗性DC疫苗的临床研究进行总结分析，并展望其未来发展方向，以期为肿瘤治疗性DC疫苗的临床使用提供参考。

With the continuous advancement of cancer immunotherapy, therapeutic dendritic cell (DC) vaccines have emerged as a hotspot in new drug development. As of September 5, 2025, more than 400 clinical trials on DC vaccines have been conducted worldwide. However, even when studies meet their primary endpoints, the limited number of participants often renders the results statistically insignificant. Currently, most products are undergoing phase II/III clinical trials. In terms of indications, clinical research has focused more on solid tumors such as prostate cancer, melanoma, glioblastoma, pancreatic cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. Enrolled patients are typically those with advanced-stage cancer who have not responded to standard treatments. This review summarizes and analyzes the current clinical research on therapeutic DC vaccines for cancer and discusses future development directions, aiming to provide insights for their clinical application.

R979.1

国家重点研发计划课题“干细胞及其衍生物创新药非临床评价关键技术研究”（2024YFA1107302）