类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种以关节滑膜炎症为核心的慢性自身免疫性疾病，严重影响患者生活质量，且临床仍缺乏根治手段。中药在RA治疗中展现出疗效确切、毒性较低、多成分协同、多靶点作用的显著优势，但其基于“整体观念”的治疗机制，难以通过单一信号通路或分子靶点完全解释。多组学技术凭借高通量分析检测能力，覆盖基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学及微生物组学等多个研究层面，为系统解析中药治疗RA的复杂作用机制提供了全新思路。近年来，多组学技术已被广泛应用于中药抗RA研究领域，成为阐明中药抗RA作用机制的核心技术手段。围绕多组学技术在中药抗RA作用机制中的应用，系统综述了近10年来该领域的研究进展，旨在为中药治疗RA的临床应用及抗RA中药新药研发提供科学支撑。

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and still lacks a radical cure in clinical practice. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown significant advantages in the treatment of RA, such as definite efficacy, low toxicity, multi-component synergy, and multi-target action. However, its therapeutic mechanism based on the "holistic concept" is difficult to be fully explained by a single signaling pathway or molecular target. Multi-omics technology, with its high-throughput analysis and detection capabilities, covers multiple research levels including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics, providing a new approach for systematically understanding the complex mechanism of TCM in treating RA. In recent years, multi-omics technology has been widely applied in the field of TCM anti-RA research and has become a core technical means to clarify the mechanism of TCM in treating RA. This article systematically reviews the research progress in this field over the past decade, aiming to provide scientific support for the clinical application of TCM in treating RA and the development of new anti-RA TCM drugs.

Q344.5;R285.5

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82060713）；广西壮瑶药重点实验室项目（桂科基字[2014]32号）；壮瑶药协同创新中心项目（桂教科研[2013]20号）；广西中医药大学“桂派杏林青年英才”培养项目（2022C032）；广西壮族自治区民族药资源与应用工程研究中心项目（桂发改高技函[2020]2605号）；广西科技基地和人才专项（桂科AD21238031）；广西重点研发计划项目（桂科AB21196016）；广西中医药重点学科壮药学项目（GZXK-Z-20-64）；广西一流学科中药学项目（民族药学）（桂教科研[2018]12号）；广西高等学校千名中青年骨干教师教育计划项目（桂教教师[2022]60号）；国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目-少数民族药学（壮药学）项目（zyyzdxk-2023165）；广西中医药多学科交叉创新团队项目（GZKJ2309）