干燥综合征是一种免疫系统紊乱而引起的慢性自身免疫性疾病，其发病机制尚不完全清晰，治疗方面仍有所欠缺。程序性细胞死亡（PCD）是细胞为维护内部环境稳态而作出的自发性消亡行为，细胞凋亡、自噬、焦亡、铁死亡及铜死亡等多种PCD与干燥综合征的发生、发展关系密切，是抗干燥综合征研究的热门领域。中医药治疗疾病具有辨证论治、整体观念等原则，可从干燥综合征发生发展全过程进行防护和调理，始终发挥着不可替代的作用。研究发现，中药活性成分人参皂苷Rh1、槲皮素、青蒿琥酯等中药成分及中药复方活血解毒方、活血解毒润燥方、化湿润燥方等可通过干预PI3K/Akt、JAK/STAT及Hippo-YAP/TAZ等信号通路，调节干燥综合征颌下腺细胞凋亡、自噬、焦亡、铁死亡等，最终发挥抗干燥综合征作用。近年来中药抗干燥综合征的研究日益完善，探讨细胞凋亡、自噬、焦亡、铁死亡及铜死亡等不同PCD方式与干燥综合征的关系，并对中药调控PCD抗干燥综合征的研究成果进行总结和分析，以期为中药治疗干燥综合征及新药开发提供参考和依据。

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by immune system disorder. Its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood, and there are still deficiencies in treatment. Programmed cell death (PCD) is a spontaneous death behavior of cells to maintain internal environmental homeostasis. Various PCDs such as apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and ferroptosis are closely related to the occurrence and development of SS and are hot research areas in anti-SS studies. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has principles such as syndrome differentiation and treatment and holistic concepts, and can provide protection and regulation throughout the entire process of SS occurrence and development, always playing an irreplaceable role. Studies have found that active components of Chinese medicine such as ginsenoside Rh1, quercetin, and artemisinin, as well as Chinese medicine formulas such as the Blood-Activating and Detoxifying Formula, the Blood-Activating and Detoxifying Moistening Formula, and the Moistening and Drying Formula, can regulate apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and other PCDs of submandibular gland cells in SS by interfering with signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT, and Hippo-YAP/TAZ, and ultimately exert anti-SS effects. In recent years, research on anti-SS with TCM has been increasingly improved. This article will discuss the relationship between different PCDs such as apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and ferroptosis and SS, and summarize and analyze the research results of TCM regulating PCD to treat SS, in order to provide reference and basis for TCM treatment of SS.

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国家自然科学基金青年项目（82405297）；中国博士后科学基金第71/76批面上项目（2022M711083/2024M763850）；河南省科技研发计划联合基金项目（232301420069）；国家中医临床研究基地科研专项课题（2022JDZX112/2021JDZX2013）；河南省科技攻关项目（LHGJ20230680）；河南省中医药科学专项局省共建课题（NO4）；河南省中医药科学研究专项课题（2023ZY1010）；河南中医药大学第一附属医院博士科研启动金（CZ0377-14）；河南省卫生健康委国家中医药传承创新中心联合共建科研专项课题（2024ZXZX1091）