溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种慢性非特异性肠道炎症性疾病，以结肠黏膜的连续性炎症反应为主要表现。其发病率逐年上升且迁延难愈，西医治疗存在不良反应大、易复发、成本高等问题。花类药材作为中医药的重要组成部分，具有质地轻清、性味多甘平等特点，发挥理气解郁、清热解毒、凉血止血、活血化瘀等功效，临床广泛用于治疗肠道疾病。现代药理研究表明，花类药材中富含黄酮类、多糖类等活性成分，通过抗炎、抗氧化、修复肠道屏障、调节肠道菌群、调控免疫及脑肠轴等多途径协同发挥防治UC的作用，且药性平和、安全性高。对花类药材防治UC的中医理论依据、核心作用机制、代表药物及主要活性成分研究进展进行总结，重点突出活性成分协同效应与临床转化潜力，分析当前研究在成分协同、临床证据、制剂研发等方面不足，展望花类药材精准化、靶向化研究方向，以期为花类药材在UC防治中的深入开发与临床应用提供参考。

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease, which is characterized by continuous inflammatory response of the colonic mucosa. Its incidence is increasing year by year with a protracted and refractory course, and western medicine treatment has limitations such as significant side effects, high recurrence rate and high cost. Flower medicines possess therapeutic effects such as regulating qi and relieving depression, clearing heat and detoxifying, cooling blood to stop bleeding, as well as activating blood circulation and resolving stasis. These herbs are widely utilized in clinical practice for the treatment of intestinal disorders. Modern pharmacological studies indicate that flower medicines are abundant in active components such as flavonoids and polysaccharides, which can exert preventive and therapeutic effects against UC via multiple mechanisms including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, immune regulation, intestinal barrier repair, intestinal flora modulation, and brain-gut axis regulation. This article reviews the theoretical basis, main mechanism of action, representative drugs, and major active components of flower medicine in the prevention and treatment of UC. It highlights the synergistic effects of active components and their potential for clinical translation. Furthermore, by comparing with current treatment strategies using Chinese medicines, this article analyzes the limitations of existing studies in terms of component synergy, clinical evidence, and formulation development. Future research directions are proposed to achieve precision and targeting-oriented application of flower medicine, aiming to provide a reference for the in-depth development and clinical utilization of flower medicine in UC management.

R285.5

河南省科技研发计划联合基金资助项目（242301420114）；河南省科技攻关计划项目（232102311221）；河南省医学科技攻关计划项目（LHGJ20240665）；河南省中医药科研专项课题（2025ZY3006）；国家中医药传承创新中心科研专项（2023ZXZX1088）；郑州市医疗卫生领域科技创新指导计划项目（2024YLZDJH077）