目的 基于知识图谱和全球专利角度，对桑白皮Morus alba领域研究热点及前沿趋势进行文献计量及可视化分析，为其基础研究及临床应用提供参考和方向。方法 检索1990年1月—2026年1月中国学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、万方数据知识服务平台（Wanfang）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）、Web of Science（WOS）核心集中桑白皮相关中、英文文献；将文献导入NoteExpress文献管理软件中进行去重与筛选，利用Excel、CiteSpace、VOSviewer等软件，从发文趋势与国家分布、作者、机构、关键词等维度进行计量与可视化分析。检索incoPat专利数据库1990—2026年桑白皮专利数据，分析专利申请趋势、地域分布、专利申请人、IPC技术分类。结果 共纳入中文文献329篇、英文文献445篇；桑白皮整体发文呈波动上升趋势，2009年后英文发文量反超中文。全球共53个国家参与桑白皮相关研究，中国发文量最高且国际合作中心度最优。中文文献以冯卫生-郑晓珂、李群团队为代表，英文以Baek Nam In、Han Daeseok、Choi Jae Sue团队为主。机构方面，国内以中医药高校、科研院所为主体；国际上形成中国、韩国、中东3大研究集群，集群内部联系紧密。关键词分析显示，中文聚焦药材质量评价、经典名方、复方配伍；英文侧重活性单体分离鉴定、细胞分子药理机制；抗炎抗氧化、脏器保护、经典名方现代化、活性成分挖掘是共同热点。Incopat专利数据库初步检索得到8 231件专利，进行同族合并处理后，最终保留专利6 734项。其中中国专利为6 200项，占92.07%，在全球桑白皮专利中占据主导地位。结论 随着现代分析技术持续迭代，桑白皮相关研究格局实现从传统临床经验应用向物质基础解析、多学科交叉探究的范式跃迁。我国拥有桑白皮全球专利的数量优势，但创新多集中于组方和产品开发，原创技术布局薄弱，受实验数据支撑有限、产学研协同机制缺失等因素制约，大量专利难以完成产业化落地，桑白皮药材资源优势尚未充分转化为产业发展优势。

Objective To conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis of research hotspots and frontier trends in the field of Morus alba from the perspectives of knowledge mapping and global patent data, providing references and directions for its basic research and clinical applications. Methods Relevant Chinese and English literature on M. alba was retrieved from January 1990 to January 2026 from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang), VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection. The collected articles were imported into NoteExpress for deduplication and screening, followed by quantitative and visual analyses using Excel, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer, focusing on publication trends, country distribution, authors, institutions, and keywords. Patent data related to M. alba from 1990 to 2026 were extracted from the incoPat database to analyze patent application trends, geographical distribution, applicants, and IPC technical classifications. Results A total of 329 Chinese and 445 English publications were included. Overall, publications on M. alba showed a fluctuating upward trend, with English publications surpassing Chinese ones after 2009. Research on M. alba involved 53 countries worldwide, with China leading in publication volume and exhibiting the highest level of international collaboration centrality. In Chinese literature, key research teams include Feng Weisheng-Zheng Xiaoke and Li Qun; in English literature, the main contributors are Baek Nam In, Han Daeseok, and Choi Jae Sue. Domestically, research institutions primarily consist of traditional Chinese medicine universities and scientific research institutes; internationally, three major research clusters have emerged—China, Republic of Korea, and the Middle East—with strong internal connectivity. Keyword analysis revealed that Chinese studies focus on quality evaluation of medicinal materials, classical prescriptions, and formula combinations, while English studies emphasize isolation and identification of active compounds and cellular/molecular pharmacological mechanisms. Common research hotspots include anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, organ protection, modernization of classical prescriptions, and discovery of bioactive components. Initial retrieval from the incoPat database yielded 8 231 patents, which were reduced to 6 734 after family merging. Of these, 6 200 (92.07%) were Chinese patents, indicating China’s dominant position in global M. alba patent ownership. Conclusion With continuous advancements in modern analytical technologies, research on M. alba has transitioned from traditional clinical experience-based applications toward systematic exploration of material foundations and interdisciplinary integration. Although China holds a significant advantage in the number of global M. alba patents, innovation remains largely focused on formula development and product design, with limited original technological breakthroughs. Constraints such as insufficient experimental data support and inadequate industry-academia-research collaboration hinder industrialization of many patents. Consequently, the resource advantages of M. alba raw materials have not yet been fully translated into industrial development strengths.

R282;G350

第五批江苏省中医临床优秀人才研修项目（苏中医科教[2025]9号）；江阴市中青年卫生优秀人才培养计划（JYROYT202311）