目的 采用文献计量学和可视化分析技术对中医药治疗糖尿病的研究现状和热点进行系统分析，并预测发展趋势，为该领域基础研究与临床实践提供参考。方法 分别检索中国学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、万方数据知识服务平台（Wanfang）、维普生物医学数据库（VIP）、Web of Science（WOS）数据库，筛选1995年1月1日—2025年12月31日发表的中医药治疗糖尿病相关文献。结合CiteSpace和VOSviewer可视化软件的优势，从发文趋势、研究国家、发文机构、核心作者、关键词等层面，进行文献计量及可视化分析。结果 共纳入符合要求的文献7 901篇（中文5 505篇、英文2 396篇），中医药治疗糖尿病的年发文量整体呈先上升后稳定的趋势，中国在该领域的研究中占据核心地位。近30年中医药治疗糖尿病领域的年发文量呈“起步增长-快速发展-稳定深化”三阶段特征；中国为该领域研究核心，与美国、澳大利亚、日本等多国形成辐射合作网络；北京中医药大学为中、英文文献发文量首位的科研机构；发文作者分析显示，中文文献核心作者为中国中医科学院广安门医院的倪青，英文文献核心作者为同机构的Tong Xiaolin。关键词分析显示，国内研究早期聚焦中医辨证论治、临床观察，当前热点集中于糖尿病肾病等并发症、氧化应激、信号通路、肠道菌群、网络药理学等方向；国际研究更侧重小檗碱、分子对接、多组学、肠-肾轴等作用机制的探讨。结论 中医药治疗糖尿病已形成成熟、动态发展的研究体系，研究热点由传统临床经验总结，转向分子机制探究与多学科交叉融合探索；未来将在中医理论现代化诠释的基础上，朝着明确药效物质基础、系统解析多靶点作用机制的方向纵深发展。

Objective To conduct a systematic analysis of the current research status and hotspots of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetes using bibliometric and visualization analysis techniques, and to predict the development trend, in order to provide references for basic research and clinical practice in this field. Methods Separate searches were conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Biomedical Database (VIP), and Web of Science (WOS) Database. Relevant literature on the treatment of diabetes with traditional Chinese medicine published from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2025 was screened. By leveraging the advantages of CiteSpace and VOSviewer visualization software, bibliometric and visualization analyses were conducted at the levels of publication trends, research countries, publishing institutions, core authors, and keywords. Results A total of 7 901 eligible articles were included (5 505 in Chinese and 2 396 in English). The annual publication volume of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetes showed an initial increase followed by stability. China occupied a core position in this field. The annual publication volume in the field of traditional Chinese medicine for treating diabetes over the past 30 years presented a three-stage characteristic: “initial growth-rapid development-stable deepening”; China was the core of this field of research, forming a radiation cooperation network with multiple countries such as the United States, Australia, and Japan; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine was the leading research institution in terms of the number of published articles in both Chinese and English; The analysis of authors showed that the core author of the Chinese literature was Ni Qing from Guang’anmen Hospital of Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and the core author of the English literature was Tong Xiaolin from the same institution. The keyword analysis showed that in the early domestic research, the focus was on TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment, clinical observation, while the current hotspots concentrated on complications such as diabetic nephropathy, oxidative stress, signaling pathways, intestinal flora, network pharmacology, etc.; International research focused more on the exploration of mechanisms such as berberine, molecular docking, multi-omics, and intestinal-kidney axis. Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetes has formed a mature and dynamic research system. The research hotspots have shifted from traditional clinical experience summaries to molecular mechanism exploration and multidisciplinary integration exploration; In the future, it will further develop on the basis of modernizing the interpretation of TCM theory, moving towards clarifying the material basis of drug efficacy and systematically analyzing the multitarget action mechanisms.

R285.5;R259

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82174065）；云南省科技厅社会发展专项-重点研发计划项目（202303AC100025）；云南省生物医药专项-重大科技专项计划（202302AA310031）；云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目（2024Y379）；云南省中西医结合慢病防治重点实验室开放基金资助项目（YPKLG2024-016）；云南省傣医药与彝医药重点实验室资助项目（2024SS24074）