子宫内膜异位症（EMs）是一种常见且难治的妇科疾病，其发病机制复杂，临床缺乏安全、有效且适宜长期应用的治疗手段。近年来，线粒体功能障碍因贯穿EMs发生发展多个关键环节，并与能量代谢异常、氧化应激、自噬失衡及细胞凋亡异常等密切相关，逐渐成为该病研究的热点。中医药在EMs防治中具有多靶点、整体调节的特点，现有研究提示其作用既涉及部分线粒体功能相关核心环节，也体现在炎症反应、氧化应激、自噬及细胞死亡等与线粒体稳态密切相关的病理过程中。梳理EMs线粒体功能障碍相关病理机制的基础上，归纳中药复方、中药活性成分从线粒体功能及其相关病理过程干预EMs的研究进展，以期为EMs的机制研究及中医药防治提供参考。

Endometriosis (EMs) is a common and refractory gynecological disease with a complex pathogenesis, and safe, effective therapies suitable for long-term clinical application are still lacking. In recent years, mitochondrial dysfunction has become a research hotspot in EMs, because it is involved in multiple key processes in the occurrence and development of the disease and is closely related to abnormal energy metabolism, oxidative stress, autophagy imbalance, and abnormal apoptosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of multi-target and overall regulation in the prevention and treatment of EMs. Existing studies have shown that its effects are associated not only with some core links of mitochondrial function, but also with pathological processes closely related to mitochondrial homeostasis, such as inflammatory response, oxidative stress, autophagy, and cell death. Based on a review of the pathological mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in EMs, this article summarizes the research progress of Chinese herbal formulas and active components in the prevention and treatment of EMs through regulating mitochondrial function and related pathological processes, in order to provide a reference for the mechanism research of EMs and the prevention and treatment of EMs with TCM.

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国家自然科学基金地区项目（82160931）；江西省自然科学基金项目（20212BAB206011）；江西省教育厅科技项目（GJJ201209）