高脂血症是临床上常见的全身代谢性疾病，其引起的动脉粥样硬化性病理改变是导致心脑血管事件发生的主要原因之一。磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B（PI3K/Akt）信号通路在糖脂代谢中起着重要作用，是细胞内重要的能量调节器。中医药通过作用于PI3K/Akt信号通路进而影响其下游介导脂质合成、脂肪分解、氧化应激、细胞自噬、炎症反应等，在治疗高脂血症方面具有极大潜力。总结PI3K/Akt通路调控脂质代谢的机制，并对近些年来中药活性成分、中药提取物及中药复方等干预该信号通路治疗高脂血症的实验研究成果进行综述，以期为高脂血症的中医药治疗、基础研究及药物开发提供理论依据和新思路。

Hyperlipidemia is a common systemic metabolic disorder in clinical practice, and the atherosclerotic pathological changes it induces in arterial walls are one of the primary causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. The phosphoinositide 3- kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in glucose and lipid metabolism and serves as an important intracellular energy regulator. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) holds great potential in treating hyperlipidemia by acting on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to influence its downstream regulation of lipid synthesis, lipolysis, oxidative stress, autophagy, and inflammatory responses. This article therefore elucidates the mechanisms by which the PI3K/Akt pathway regulates lipid metabolism. It reviews recent experimental research findings on the therapeutic effects of TCM monomers, single herbs, and compound formulas targeting this signaling pathway for hyperlipidemia. This review aims to provide theoretical foundations and novel insights for TCM treatment, basic research, and drug development in hyperlipidemia.

R285.5

四川省博士后创新人才支持项目（BX202205）；四川省科技计划重点研发项目（2024YFFK0159）；成都市卫生健康委员会、成都中医药大学委校联合创新基金（WXLH202403127）；成都中医药大学教学改革项目（JGYB202323）；四川省科技计划重点研发项目（2024YFFK0085）