大枣（Jujubae Frucuts）作为国家药食同源目录物质，在中国食药应用历史悠久，因其兼含营养功能因子与药用活性成分的双重属性备受关注。研究表明，大枣富含多糖类、三萜类、黄酮类化合物等多种生物活性成分。作用机制研究表明，这些活性成分通过多靶点调控与多信号通路互作协同效应发挥其生物学功能。药效学研究证实大枣具有补气生血、抗肿瘤、保肝解毒、免疫调节、抗炎等多元药理活性，在代谢综合征、化学性肝损伤及睡眠障碍等慢性病防治中展现出应用潜力。尽管大枣已实现食品、药品及健康产品的多领域开发，但关键药效物质不清、质量标准体系不完善及产品同质化严重等问题，仍制约其产业化品质与规模。系统综述大枣的化学成分，药理作用研究进展和产业化现状，揭示其活性成分和药理作用等研究中存在的问题，以期为大枣资源的综合利用和高附加值产品开发提供理论支撑。

Jujubae Frucuts, as a substance listed in the National Catalogue of Food-Medicine Dual-Use Materials, jujube has a long history of use in both food and medicine in China and has attracted considerable attention due to its dual nature, combining nutritional functional factors with medicinal active ingredients. Research indicates that jujube is rich in various bioactive components, including polysaccharides, triterpenes and flavonoids. Research into their mechanisms of action indicates that these active components exert their biological functions through multi-target regulation and synergistic interactions with multiple signaling pathways. Pharmacological studies have confirmed that jujubes possess diverse pharmacological activities, including tonifying qi and generating blood, anti-tumour effects, liver protection and detoxification, immune modulation, and anti-inflammatory properties, demonstrating potential for application in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, chemically induced liver injury, and sleep disorders. Although Jujubae Frucuts have been developed across multiple sectors including food, pharmaceuticals and health products, issues such as unclear key bioactive compounds, an incomplete quality standards system and severe product homogenisation continue to constrain the quality and scale of their industrialization. This paper provides a systematic review of the chemical composition of jujubes, recent advances in pharmacological research, and the current state of industrialization. It highlights existing challenges in the study of their active components and pharmacological effects, with the aim of providing a theoretical foundation for the comprehensive utilization of jujube resources and the development of high-value-added products.

R285.5

浙江理工大学（铜陵）国家技术转移中心项目（25170018-V）；科技横向“食药物质提取工艺、质量标准及小试生产研究”（22040252-J）