目的 探究凹叶景天Sedum emarginatum对H22荷瘤小鼠的抗肝癌作用，运用核磁共振氢谱（¹H-NMR）代谢组学技术解析其作用机制，筛选凹叶景天抗肝癌潜在质量标志物（Q-Marker），为其临床应用与质量控制提供实验依据。方法 构建H22荷瘤小鼠皮下移植瘤模型，将小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、5-Fu（阳性药，20 mg·kg^-1）组和凹叶景天醋酸乙酯部位（SEEA）低、中、高剂量［生药15、30（临床等效剂量）、60 g·kg^-1］组，每组10只。造模成功后给药干预14 d，5-Fu组隔日ip，SEEA各剂量组每日ig，对照组与模型组每日ig等体积0.9%氯化钠溶液。观察小鼠一般状态，检测体质量、肿瘤相关指标并计算抑瘤率与脏器指数；采用ELISA法检测血清白细胞介素（IL）-2、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、干扰素（IFN）-γ含量；通过¹H-NMR技术检测血清内源性代谢物，结合多元统计分析筛选差异代谢物，经MetaboAnalyst 6.0进行代谢通路分析；借助Swiss Target Predition数据库筛选差异代谢物靶点，与凹叶景天抗肝癌靶点取交集得到协同效应靶点，将其与凹叶景天活性部位抗肝癌主要成分及靶点匹配，筛选Q-Marker。结果 SEEA可显著改善H22荷瘤小鼠一般状态，有效抑制肿瘤生长并调节脏器指数，其中中剂量给药效果最佳；能显著升高小鼠血清IL-2、TNF-α含量，降低IL-6、IFN-γ含量（P＜0.05、0.01）；可显著回调荷瘤小鼠模型中低密度脂蛋白/极低密度脂蛋白（LDL/VLDL）、乙酰乙酸、琥珀酸、亮氨酸、肌酸5种异常代谢物；其抗肝癌作用主要调控丁酸代谢、三羧酸循环代谢通路；筛选出纤溶酶原（PLG）为协同效应靶点，匹配得到金腰乙素、木犀草素、山柰素、芹菜素、异鼠李素、苜蓿素、白杨素7种活性成分，为凹叶景天抗肝癌潜在QMarker。结论 凹叶景天具有显著的抗肝癌药效，其作用可能通过调节机体炎症反应、能量代谢及氨基酸代谢实现，初步揭示凹叶景天抗肝癌的Q-Marker及作用机制，为其进一步开发利用提供实验支撑。

Objective To explore the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect of Sedum emarginatum on H22 tumor-bearing mice, and to analyze its mechanism of action using 1H-NMR metabolomics technology. To screen potential quality markers (Q-Markers) of S. emarginatum for anti-hepatocellular carcinoma, providing experimental evidence for its clinical application and quality control. Methods A subcutaneous tumor model of H22-bearing mice was established. Mice were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a 5-Fu (positive drug, 20 mg·kg^-1) group, and low-, medium-, and high-dose S. emarginatum ethyl acetate fraction (SEEA) groups [crude drug 15, 30 (clinical equivalent dose), 60 g·kg^-1], with 10 mice in each group. After successful modeling, drug intervention was carried out for 14 days. The 5-Fu group was ip injected every other day, and the SEEA groups were ig administered daily. The control group and the model group were ig administered the same volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution daily. The general condition of the mice was observed, and body weight, tumor-related indicators were detected, and the tumor inhibition rate and organ index were calculated. The contents of serum interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ were detected by ELISA. The endogenous metabolites in the serum were detected by 1H-NMR technology, and the differential metabolites were screened by multivariate statistical analysis. Metabolic pathway analysis was performed using MetaboAnalyst 6.0. The target points of the differential metabolites were screened using the Swiss Target Prediction database, and the intersection with the previous anti-hepatocellular carcinoma targets of S. emarginatum was taken to obtain the synergistic effect targets. These were matched with the main components and targets of the active fraction of S. emarginatum for anti-hepatocellular carcinoma to screen Q-Markers. Results SEEA could significantly improve the general condition of H22 tumor-bearing mice, effectively inhibit tumor growth, and regulate organ index, with the medium-dose administration showing the best effect. It could significantly increase the contents of IL-2 and TNF-α in the serum of mice and decrease the contents of IL-6 and IFN-γ (P<0.05, 0.01). It could significantly restore five abnormal metabolites, including low-density lipoprotein/very low-density lipoprotein (LDL/VLDL), acetoacetate, succinic acid, leucine, and creatine, in the tumor-bearing mouse model. Its anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect mainly regulated butyric acid metabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism pathways. Plasminogen (PLG) was screened as a synergistic effect target, and seven active components, including Chrysosptertin B, luteolin, kaempferol, apigenin, isorhamnetin, formononetin, and chrysin, were matched as potential Q-Markers of S. emarginatum for anti-hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion S. emarginatum has a significant anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect, which may be achieved by regulating the inflammatory response, energy metabolism, and amino acid metabolism of the body. The Q-Markers and mechanism of action of S. emarginatum for anti-hepatocellular carcinoma were preliminarily revealed, providing experimental support for its further development and utilization.

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广西自然科学基金资助项目（2023GXNSFAA026364）；广西自然科学基金资助项目（2026GXNSFAA00640290）；2025年大学生创新创业训练项目（S202510600096）；国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目-少数民族药学（壮药学）（zyyzdxk-2023165）；广西高等学校千名中青年骨干教师教育计划项目（桂教教师〔2022〕60号）；广西中医药大学“桂派杏林青年英才”培养项目（2022C032）；广西一流学科中药学（民族药学）（桂教科研[2018]12号），2025年广西中医药大学校级大学生创新训练项目（X202510600098）