目的 系统梳理2000—2025年大戟科大戟属3种药用植物（京大戟、狼毒大戟、月腺大戟）的研究热点与趋势，为后续研究提供方向参考。方法 以中国学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、Web of Science(WOS)为数据源，借助Excel整理文献，运用VOSviewer、Citespace软件对发文量、研究机构、核心作者及关键词等维度进行计量分析与可视化呈现。结果 文献收录情况：京大戟纳入中文文献83篇、英文文献65篇，中文文献2007年后呈波动上升趋势，英文文献则表现为间歇性活跃；狼毒大戟纳入中文文献213篇、英文文献63篇，中文文献2012年达发文峰值（19篇），英文文献2012年后趋于稳定；月腺大戟纳入中文文献78篇、英文文献28篇，中文文献2012年达峰值（11篇）后逐步回落，英文文献2018年达高峰（8篇）。研究主体特征：京大戟研究中，南京中医药大学中、英文发文量均居首位，中文核心作者为曹雨诞（12篇），英文领域以Kim Jin Sook发文最多（7篇）；狼毒大戟研究中，齐齐哈尔医学院中文发文26篇居首，中、英文文献的核心作者均为刘吉成（中文12篇、英文7篇）；月腺大戟研究中，南京中医药大学中文发文11篇领先，英文领域以大连医科大学为核心形成合作网络，中文核心作者为严小红（6篇），英文领域Wang Chao等3人发文均≥5篇。研究热点差异：京大戟中文核心关键词聚焦炮制工艺、化学成分解析及毒性机制，英文文献侧重化学成分与药理作用机制；狼毒大戟中文研究聚焦炮制对成分及药理活性的影响，英文文献侧重成分挖掘与药理分子机制；月腺大戟中文研究关注其与同属“狼毒”基原植物的成分鉴定及炮制影响，英文文献同样以成分与分子机制为核心。3种植物虽具分类与药用共性，核心研究方向均集中于成分解析、活性评价、毒性探究及炮制优化；成分上有共有类别但结构特异，药理均具抗肿瘤等潜力但活性成分不同，毒性均表现为肠道、肝肾及细胞毒性，炮制减毒方法多样但技术标准化与量化关系仍待完善。结论 揭示3种大戟属药用植物的研究热点、发展现状及核心差异，明确炮制与成分、活性及毒性的关联为该领域核心研究方向，为后续深化物质基础解析、完善构效关系及推动炮制技术标准化提供思路。

Objective To systematically review the research hotspots and trends of three medicinal plants of the genus Euphorbia（E. pekinensis, E. fischeriana; E. ebracteolata） from 2000 to 2025, providing direction references for subsequent research. Methods Using the China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI） and Web of Science（WOS） as data sources, literature was collated with Excel, and bibliometric analysis and visualization were conducted on dimensions such as publication volume, research institutions, core authors, and keywords using VOSviewer and Citespace software. Results Literature inclusion: E. pekinensis was included in 83 Chinese and 65 English articles, with Chinese articles showing a fluctuating upward trend after 2007, while English articles were intermittently active; E. fischeriana was included in 213 Chinese and 63 English articles, with Chinese articles reaching a peak of 19 in 2012, and English articles stabilizing after 2012; E. ebracteolata was included in 78 Chinese and 28 English articles, with Chinese articles peaking at 11 in 2012 and gradually declining, and English articles reaching a peak of 8 in 2018. Research subject characteristics: In the research of E. pekinensis, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine led in both Chinese and English publication volumes, with Chinese core authors being Cao Yudan（12 articles） et al., and Kim Jin Sook being the most productive in the English field; in the research of E. fischeriana, Qiqihar Medical University led with 26 Chinese articles, core author of both Chinese and English literature is Liu Jicheng（12 Chinese articles and seven English articles）; in the research of E. ebracteolata, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine led with 11 Chinese articles, and a cooperation network centered on Dalian Medical University was formed in the English field, with Chinese core authors being Yan Xiaohong（six articles） et al., and Wang Chao et al.（from the same team） published ≥ five articles in the English field. Research hotspots differences: The core Chinese keywords of E. pekinensis focused on processing techniques, chemical component analysis, and toxicity mechanisms, while English literature emphasized chemical components and pharmacological mechanism of action; the Chinese research on E. fischeriana focused on the impact of processing on components and pharmacological activities, while English literature focused on component mining and pharmacological molecular mechanisms; the Chinese research on E. ebracteolata focused on the component identification and processing impact with the same genus "wolf-toxin" plants, and English literature also centered on components and molecular mechanisms. Although the three plants share classification and medicinal commonalities, the core research directions are all concentrated on component analysis, activity evaluation, toxicity exploration, and processing optimization; there are common categories of components but with structural specificity, all have antitumor potential in pharmacology but with different active components, and toxicity is manifested as intestinal, liver and kidney, and cytotoxicity, with diverse detoxification methods in processing but the relationship between technical standardization and quantification still needs to be improved. Conclusion Revealing the research hotspots, development status, and core differences of the three medicinal plants of the genus Euphorbia, clarifying the association between processing and components, activities, and toxicity as the core research direction in this field, providing key ideas for subsequent in-depth analysis of the material basis, improvement of structure-activity relationships, and promotion of processing technology standardization.

R282.71;G250.252

国家自然科学基金重点项目(82130116);国家自然科学基金项目(82204757); 南京中医药大学自然科学基金项目(XPT82204757)