目的 建立蒲公英超高效液相色谱（UPLC）多成分定量分析方法，优化其多成分提取工艺，为蒲公英质量控制提供参考。方法 采用Shim-pack Scepter C₁₈-120（100 mm×2.1 mm,1.9μm）色谱柱，流动相为乙腈（A）-0.1%磷酸水溶液（B）梯度洗脱，体积流量0.3 mL·min^-1，检测波长327 nm（0～35 min）、210 nm（35～50 min），进样量1μL，柱温30℃，建立蒲公英6个酚类成分（单咖啡酰酒石酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、菊苣酸、异绿原酸A、木犀草素）和3个三萜类成分（羽扇豆醇、蒲公英甾醇、蒲公英萜醇）的同步定量分析方法；以乙醇体积分数、溶剂倍数、提取时间、提取次数为考察因素，各成分质量分数的综合评分为评价指标，结合化学计量学分析确定层次分析法（AHP）的判断矩阵，通过AHP-熵权法计算各成分质量分数的综合权重系数，最终运用Box-Behnken设计-响应面法（BBD-RSM）优选蒲公英多成分提取工艺。结果 建立的UPLC分析方法可实现9种目标成分的快速、准确同步定量；最优提取工艺下，单咖啡酰酒石酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、菊苣酸、异绿原酸A、木犀草素、羽扇豆醇、蒲公英甾醇、蒲公英萜醇的平均质量分数分别为3.51、0.60、0.56、6.37、0.26、0.20、0.42、0.62、0.56 mg·g^-1；乙醇体积分数对2类成分质量分数的影响与成分的极性有关，其中对高极性酚类成分质量分数影响更为显著，对低极性三萜类成分影响呈现不同规律；AHP-熵权法计算得出的样本提取综合评分受各考察因素的协同作用影响，BBD-RSM建立的模型显著，最优提取条件为20倍70%乙醇提取3次，每次100 min。结论 建立的蒲公英UPLC多成分定量分析方法稳定，AHP-熵权法结合Box-Behnken设计-响应面法的研究策略可有效实现蒲公英多成分提取工艺的综合评价与高效提取，为蒲公英的质量研究及应用提供参考。

Objective To establish a multi-component quantitative analysis method for Taraxacum borealisinense using ultraperformance liquid chromatography（UPLC）, optimize the multi-component extraction process, and provide a reference for the quality control of T. borealisinense. Methods Using a Shim-pack Scepter C₁₈-120（100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.9 μm） chromatographic column, the mobile phase was acetonitrile（A）-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution（B） with a gradient elution. The volume flow rate was 0.3 mL·min^-1. The detection wavelength was 327 nm（0—35 min） and 210 nm（35—50 min）. The injection volume was 1 μL. The column temperature was 30 ℃. To eatablish a synchronous quantitative analysis method for six phenolic components（monocaffeoyltartaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, chicoric acid, isochlorogenic acid A, 6-luteolin） and three triterpenoid components（lupeol, taraxasterol, and taraxerol） in T. borealisinense. The extraction process was optimized by considering the volume fraction of ethanol, solvent ratio, extraction time, and extraction times as factors, with the comprehensive score of the mass fraction of each component as the evaluation index. The Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP） judgment matrix was determined by chemometrics analysis, and the comprehensive weight coefficient of the mass fraction of each component was calculated by the AHP-entropy weight method. Finally, the Box-Behnken design-response surface method（BBD-RSM） was used to optimize the multi-component extraction process of T. borealisinense. Results The established UPLC analytical method can achieve rapid and accurate simultaneous quantification of nine target components. Under the optimal extraction process, the average mass fractions of monocaffeoyltartaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, chicoric acid, isochlorogenic acid A, luteolin, lupeol, taraxasterol, taraxerol were 3.51, 0.60, 0.56, 6.37, 0.26, 0.20, 0.42, 0.62, and 0.56 mg·g^-1, respectively. The influence of ethanol volume fraction on the mass fractions of the two types of components is related to the polarity of the components. Among them, the influence on the mass fraction of highly polar phenolic components is more significant, while the influence on the mass fraction of low-polarity triterpenoid components shows different patterns. The comprehensive score of the sample extraction is affected by the synergistic effect of the factors. The established model by BBD-RSM is significant, and the optimal extraction conditions are 20 times 70% ethanol extraction for three times, each time for 100 min. Conclusion The established UPLC multi-component quantitative analysis method for T. borealisinense is stable. The research strategy combining AHP-entropy weight method with BBD-RSM can effectively achieve the comprehensive evaluation and optimization of the multi-component extraction process of T. borealisinense, providing a reference for the quality research and application of T. borealisinense.

R284.2

湖北省科技重大专项(2022ACA003)