目的 以脂质组学为基础，深入剖析蒙药保利尔胶囊在高脂血症治疗中的作用机制。方法 利用高脂饮食诱导构建高脂血症大鼠模型，造模成功后，将大鼠随机分为对照组、高脂血症模型组及保利尔胶囊低、中、高剂量（270、810、2 430 mg·kg^-1）组，持续给药8周。采用非靶向脂质组学技术，对大鼠血浆中的内源性脂质变化进行分析，探寻潜在的生物标志物及相关代谢通路。结果 脂质组学结果表明，对照组、模型组与保利尔胶囊高剂量给药组大鼠血浆中存在34种脂质差异代谢物，涉及甘油磷脂、磷脂酰肌醇及甘油酯等代谢通路。结论 高脂饮食通过对甘油磷脂代谢产生影响进而导致高脂血症，而保利尔胶囊的调血脂作用主要是通过调节甘油磷脂和亚油酸代谢来实现。同时验证和补充代谢组学的研究结果，进一步强调甘油磷脂代谢在调节血脂过程中的关键作用。

Objective To analyze the mechanism of action of Mongolian drug Baolier Capsule in the treatment of hyperlipidemia based on lipidomics.Methods The rats were randomly divided into control group, hyperlipidemia model group and low, medium and high-dose (270, 810, 2 430 mg·kg^-1) Baolier Capsules groups after successful modeling, and the rats were continuously administered for eight weeks. Non-targeted lipidomics technology was used to analyze endogenous lipid changes in rat plasma to explore potential biomarkers and related metabolic pathways.Results The results of lipidomics showed that there were 34 lipid differential metabolites in the plasma of hyperlipidemic rats in control group, model group and high-dose administration group, involving metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipids, phosphatidylinositol and glycerides.Conclusion High-fat diet can affect glycerophospholipid metabolism and lead to hyperlipidemia, and the hypolipidemic effect of Baolier Capsule is mainly achieved by regulating the metabolism of glycerol phospholipid and linoleic acid. Lipidomics effectively revealed the formation mechanism of hyperlipidemia and the improvement effect of Baolier Capsules, and at the same time verified and supplemented the findings of metabolomics, further emphasizing the key role of glycerophospholipid metabolism in the process of lowering blood lipids.

R285.5

国家自然科学青年基金项目（82204509）；国家重点研发计划（2023YFA0913900）；通辽市科技计划项目（TL2023YF010）；天津合成生物技术创新能力提升行动项目（TSBICIP-CXRC-073）