目的 研究四方木皮水提物、醇提物对皮肤急性创伤模型大鼠的治疗作用及其潜在作用机制。方法 制备四方木皮水提物、醇提物的冻干粉末，并与凡士林混合形成软膏；将144只SPF级SD大鼠随机分为对照组，模型组，凡士林（每只0.1 g）组，京万红软膏（阳性对照，每只0.1 g）组，四方木皮水提物低、高剂量（每只0.1 g软膏，含生药0.05、0.10 g）组，四方木皮醇提物低、高剂量（每只0.1 g软膏，含生药0.05、0.10 g）组，每组各18只。除对照组外，用打孔器制成直径为1.5 cm的2个去皮破损伤口，用0.9%氯化钠溶液清洗伤口形成机械损伤动物模型。造模后给药，对照组和模型组不涂任何药物。观察治疗后第3、7、14天大鼠的伤口愈合率；利用HE和Masson染色观察其创伤组织病理变化；试剂盒法检测创伤组织中羟脯氨酸含量；采用ELISA法检测血清中白细胞介素（IL）-4、IL-6、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、表皮生长因子（EGF）水平；采用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）法检测创伤组织中磷脂酰肌醇激酶（PI3K）、蛋白激酶B（AKT1）、内皮型NO合成酶（eNOS）、EGF、VEGF的基因表达水平。结果 与模型组比较，四方木皮水提物、醇提物低剂量组可显著提高大鼠创面愈合率（P＜0.05、0.01），明显降低创面愈合初期炎症细胞浸润程度，促进创面处羟脯氨酸的分泌（P＜0.05、0.01），促进胶原纤维在肉芽组织中的形成；水提物和醇取物的低剂量组均能显著提高血清中IL-4、IL-10、VEGF、EGF水平（P＜0.05、0.01），并降低IL-6和TNF-α水平（P＜0.05、0.01），同时在创伤部位提高PI3K、AKT1、VEGF和EGF的基因水平（P＜0.05、0.01），降低eNOS基因水平（P＜0.01）。结论 四方木皮提取物对急性创伤有一定的治疗作用，其作用机制可能与激活EGFR-PI3K/Akt通路相关。

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of Saracae Cortex extract on acute skin trauma model rats and its potential mechanism. Methods The freeze-dried powder of aqueous and alcohol extracts of Saracae Cortex was prepared and mixed with petrolatum to form ointments. A total of 144 SPF-grade SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, model group, petrolatum group (0.1 g per rat), Jingwanhong ointment group (positive control, 0.1 g per rat), low and high-dose aqueous extract of Saracae Cortex groups (0.1 g per rat, containing 0.05 and 0.10 mg of crude medicine, respectively), and low and high-dose alcohol extract of Saracae Cortex groups (0.1 g per rat, containing 0.05 and 0.10 mg of crude medicine, respectively), with 18 rats in each group. Except for the control group, two 1.5 cm diameter full-thickness skin wounds were created using a puncher, and the wounds were washed with 0.9% sodium chloride solution to establish a mechanical injury animal model. After modeling, the drugs were administered. The control group and the model group were not treated with any drugs. The wound healing rates of rats on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days after treatment were observed. HE and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of the wound tissues. The content of hydroxyproline in the wound tissues was detected by a kit. The levels of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL^-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the serum were detected by ELISA. The gene expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT1), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), EGF, and VEGF in the wound tissues were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Results Compared with the model group, the low-dose groups of aqueous and alcohol extracts of Saracae Cortex significantly increased the wound healing rate of rats (P < 0.05, 0.01), significantly reduced the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in the early stage of wound healing, and promoted the secretion of hydroxyproline at the wound site (P < 0.05, 0.01), and promoted the formation of collagen fibers in granulation tissue. The low-dose groups of both aqueous and alcohol extracts significantly increased the levels of IL-4, IL-10, VEGF, and EGF in the serum (P < 0.05, 0.01), and decreased the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α (P < 0.05, 0.01). At the same time, they increased the gene levels of PI3K, AKT1, VEGF, and EGF at the wound site (P < 0.05, 0.01), and decreased the gene level of eNOS (P < 0.01). Conclusion Saracae Cortex extract has a certain therapeutic effect on acute trauma, and its mechanism may be through the activation of EGFR-PI3K/Akt pathway.

R285.5

广西壮族自治区大学生创新创业训练计划项目（ S202210600057，S202310600104）;广西壮族自治区中医药管理局中医药民族医药自筹科研项目（ gzzc1127）