目的 从代谢调控的角度探讨保利尔胶囊对高脂血症大鼠的调血脂作用及对内源性代谢物的影响。方法 采用高脂饲料喂养4周的方法制备高脂血症大鼠模型，对照组喂饲普通饲料，造模成功大鼠随机分为模型组、阿托伐他汀阳性对照组（1.8 mg·kg^-1，临床等效剂量）及保利尔胶囊低、中、高剂量（270、810、2 430 mg·kg^-1，分别相当于1/3、1倍、3倍临床剂量）组，各组大鼠分别ig给药，对照组和模型组ig等体积蒸馏水，连续给药8周。每2周测定大鼠体质量，给药8周后测定各组大鼠血浆脂质生化指标，包括总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）；苏木素-伊红（HE）染色观察大鼠肝组织病理改变；采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱技术（UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS）对大鼠血浆代谢物进行检测，筛选保利尔胶囊对高脂血症大鼠作用的差异代谢物，分析其涉及的代谢通路。结果 保利尔胶囊能够有效控制高脂血症大鼠的体质量，显著影响血浆中TC、TG、LDL-C和HDL-C的含量；代谢组学结果显示，高脂血症大鼠血浆中共筛选出56个差异代谢物，主要涉及甘油磷脂代谢、花生四烯酸代谢、亚油酸代谢和精氨酸代谢等代谢通路。结论 保利尔胶囊能够改善高脂血症大鼠的血脂异常，其作用机制主要与体内甘油磷脂代谢、花生四烯酸代谢、亚油酸代谢和精氨酸代谢等通路有关。

Objective To explore the lipid-lowering effect of Baolile Capsules on hyperlipidemic rats and their effect on endogenous metabolites from the perspective of metabolic regulation. Methods A high-fat diet was used to prepare a rat model of hyperlipidemia for four weeks. The control group was fed with regular diet, and the successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into a model group, an atorvastatin positive control group (1.8 mg·kg^-1, clinical equivalent dose), and low, medium, and high dose groups of Baolil Capsules (270, 810, 2 430 mg·kg^-1, equivalent to 1/3, 1, and 3 times the clinical dose, respectively). Each group of rats was given ig, while the control group and model group were given ig of distilled water of equal volume for eight consecutive weeks. Measure the body mass of rats every two weeks, and after eight weeks of administration, measure the plasma lipid biochemical indicators of each group of rats, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Observation of pathological changes in rat liver tissue using hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, ultra high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technology was used to detect metabolites in rat plasma, screen for differential metabolites in the effects of Baolile Capsules on hyperlipidemic rats, and analyze the metabolic pathways involved. Results Baolile Capsules can effectively control the body mass of hyperlipidemic rats and significantly affect the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C in plasma. Metabolomics results showed that a total of 56 differential metabolites were screened from the plasma of hyperlipidemic rats, mainly involving metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and arginine metabolism. Conclusion Baolile Capsules can improve blood lipid abnormalities in hyperlipidemic rats, and their mechanism of action is mainly related to pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and arginine metabolism in the body.

R285.5

国家自然青年基金项目（82104284，82204509）；通辽市科技计划项目（TL2023YF010）；内蒙古自治区科技计划项目（2020GG0199）