目的 研究桑菊饮治疗急性肺损伤（ALI）的作用机制。方法 采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆飞行时间质谱法（UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS）快速鉴别桑菊饮的入血成分，使用 Swiss Target Prediction和 GeneCards等数据库筛选桑菊饮入血成分关联靶点与ALI相关靶点，并通过Venny确认桑菊饮抗ALI潜在靶点。使用Metascape对交集靶点进行基因本体（GO）注释及京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路富集分析，通过String数据库与Cytoscape软件构建并分析蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络。基于分子对接对重要成分和靶点间相互作用进行验证，并进一步采用脂多糖（LPS）致ALI大鼠模型，借助实时荧光半定量聚合酶链式反应（qRT-PCR）明确桑菊饮对ALI大鼠重要靶点（TNF、EGFR、STAT3、PTGS2）的调控作用。结果 共检测出38个桑菊饮入血成分，获得220个药物潜在靶点、3 758个ALI治疗潜在靶点和145个交集靶点，筛选出 10个核心成分（芦丁、苦杏仁苷、甘草苷等）。KEGG通路富集分析揭示桑菊饮可能通过影响花生四烯酸代谢、PI3K-Akt信号通路等多种生命过程，发挥抗ALI作用。分子对接结果表明，芦丁、苦杏仁苷、甘草苷等核心成分与TNF、EGFR、STAT3等关键靶点具有良好亲和力。qRT-PCR结果进一步显示桑菊饮可显著回调ALI导致的EGFR、TNF、STAT3、PTGS2 等 mRNA 表达量的改变（P＜0.01）。结论 桑菊饮可能通过甘草苷、芦丁、苦杏仁苷等多成分干预 TNF、EGFR、STAT3、PTGS2等多靶点，进而调节花生四烯酸代谢和PI3K-Akt等信号通路发挥治疗ALI作用。

Objective To explore the mechanism of Sangju Yin in the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI). Methods The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESIQTOF-MS/MS) was used to quickly identify the components of Sangju Yin absorbed in plasma. Swiss Target Prediction and GeneCards were used to screen the related targets of Sangju Yin's plasmatic components and ALI-related targets, and the potential targets of Sangju Yin's anti-ALI were confirmed by Venny. Metascape was used to analyze the pathway of gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) at the intersection target, and the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed and analyzed by String database and Cytoscape software. Based on molecular docking, the interactions between important components and targets were validated. The LPS-induced ALI rat model was conducted to clarify the regulatory effects of Sangju Yin on key targets (TNF, EGFR, STAT3, and PTGS2) in rats, using real-time fluorescent semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results A total of 38 plasmatic components of Sangju Yin were detected, and 220 drug potential targets, 3 758 ALI treatment potential targets and 145 intersection targets were obtained, and 10 core components (rutin, amygdalin, liquiritin, etc.) were screened out. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that Sangju Yin may play the anti-ALI role by affecting arachidonic acid metabolism, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and other life processes. The results of molecular docking showed that the core components such as rutin, amygdalin and liquiritin had good affinities with key targets such as TNF, EGFR and STAT3. The results of qRT-PCR further showed that Sangju Yin could significantly reverse the changes of mRNA expression of EGFR, TNF, STAT3 and PTGS2 induced by ALI (P<0.01). Conclusion Sangju Yin may interfere with TNF, EGFR, STAT3, PTGS2 and other targets through glycyrrhizin, rutin, amygdalin and other components, then regulate arachidonic acid metabolism and PI3K-Akt signal pathways to play the crucial role in treating ALI.

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国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（82405233）；黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目（LH2021H124）；黑龙江省大学生创新训练计划项目（S202211230035，202111230032，S202211230055）；齐齐哈尔市科技计划联合引导项目（LHYD-2021011）；齐齐哈尔医学科学院重点培育项目（2022-ZDPY-004，2023-ZDPY-001）；齐齐哈尔医学科学院青年博士专项科研基金项目（QM‐SI2021B-03）；齐齐哈尔医学科学院博士滚动项目（QMSI2023E-01）