石斛属 Dendrobium Sw. 中药生物碱类成分结构新颖，药理作用丰富多样，特别是在抗肿瘤方面的表现尤为突出，多种石斛属中药生物碱已被证实对肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌、宫颈癌等有显著的抗肿瘤活性，显示出新药开发潜力。但目前对其抗肿瘤药理作用及机制的系统分析仍然不足，使得在理解和应用石斛属生物碱的过程中存在一定的盲点和局限性。梳理并深入探讨石斛属中药生物碱成分对不同癌症的药理作用，对其常规的抗肿瘤作用机制如诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、增强机体免疫功能、抑制肿瘤细胞的迁移、细胞周期调控进行解析，并揭示其可能的作用靶点，为其在抗肿瘤研究领域的深入探索和开发利用提供有力的参考和依据。

Alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicine of Dendrobium Sw. are novel in structure and have diverse pharmacological effects, especially in the field of anti-cancer. Many alkaloids from traditional Chinese medicine of Dendrobium Sw. have been shown to have significant anti-cancer activities against lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, and cervical cancer, indicating great potential for the development of new drugs. However, there is still insufficient systematic analysis of their anti-cancer pharmacological effects and mechanisms, which leads to blind spots and limitations in understanding and applying Alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicine of Dendrobium Sw. This review aims to clarify the pharmacological effects of alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicine of Dendrobium Sw. on different types of cancer, including inducing tumor cell apoptosis, enhancing immune function, inhibiting tumor cell migration, and regulating the cell cycle. It also explores possible target molecules, providing valuable references and evidence for further exploration and development of alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicine of Dendrobium Sw. in the field of anti-cancer research.

R285;R979.1

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82104316）；2022 年度南京市中医药科技专项（ZYYB202203）