司美格鲁肽作为新型的人胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂，在国内用于2型糖尿病的治疗，其独特药物特性赋予其在血糖控制、体质量管理和胰岛素抵抗改善等方面显著效果。近年临床研究进一步揭示其在降低心血管事件、代谢相关脂肪性肝炎、癌症免疫治疗和神经退行性疾病等领域的潜力。然而，应用司美格鲁肽也伴随一些新风险，如胆囊疾病和延迟胃排空带来的临床隐忧。汇总最新研究成果，全面评估司美格鲁肽在各领域的疗效和安全性，旨在为其更广泛的临床应用提供指导。

As a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), semaglutide is utilized domestically for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Its unique pharmacological characteristics endow it with significant effects in blood glucose control, weight management, and improvement of insulin resistance. Recent clinical research further reveals its potential in reducing cardiovascular events, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cancer immunotherapy, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the use of semaglutide is also accompanied by some new risks, such as concerns related to gallbladder diseases and delayed gastric emptying. This article summarizes the latest research findings, comprehensively assessing the efficacy and safety of semaglutide in various fields, with the aim of providing guidance for its broader clinical application.

R965.3