目的 系统评价抗感颗粒联合奥司他韦治疗儿童流行性感冒的有效性与安全性。方法 检索中国学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、中国生物医学文献服务系统（SinoMed）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）、万方数据库（Wanfang Data）、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Springer Link、Embase数据库中关于抗感颗粒联合奥司他韦治疗儿童流行性感冒的临床随机对照试验（RCT），检索时间为建库至2023年3月。采用Cochrane Handbook中的偏倚风险评估工具和RevMan 5.3软件进行文献质量评价与Meta分析。结果 共纳入12项RCTs，共计1 201例患者，其中试验组601例、对照组600例。Meta分析结果显示，相较于对照组，抗感颗粒联合奥司他韦颗粒治疗的总有效率更高[RR=1.23，95% CI（1.18，1.29）]，发热[MD=-0.42，95% CI（-0.69，-0.15）]、咽痛[MD=-0.31，95% CI（-0.41，-0.21）]积分更低，退热时间更短[MD=-1.38，95% CI（-1.67，-1.10）]，且两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.000 01）；试验组与对照组的临床症状咳嗽积分[MD=0.19，95% CI（-0.21，0.59），P=0.35]、不良反应发生率[RR=2.36，95% CI（0.50，11.20），P=0.28]比较，无统计学差异。结论 抗感颗粒联合奥司他韦治疗儿童流行性感冒疗效确切、安全性较好；但本研究尚有一定局限性，上述结论需更高质量的随机对照研究给予进一步验证。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Kanggan Granule combined with oseltamivir in the treatment of influenza. Methods CNKI, SinoMed, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Springer Link, and Embase were searched by computer to collect the randomized controlled trial(RCT) of Kanggan Granule combined with oseltamivir in the treatment of influenza. The search aimed to identify clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the combined use of Kanggan granules and oseltamivir for treating influenza in children, the search deadline is from database establishment to March 2023. Meta-analysis performed by RevMan 5.4 software which is provided by Cochrane collaboration network. Result A total of 12 RCTs with 1 201 patients were included, 601 patients in trial group, and 600 patients in control group. The results of Meta-analysis showed that total effective rate of Kanggan Granule combined with oseltamivir in the treatment of influenza was significantly higher than that of oseltamivir alone [RR=1.23, 95%CI(1.18, 1.29), P＜0.000 01]. The fever score [MD=-0.42, 95%CI (-0.69, -0.15), P=0.003], the sore throat score [MD=-0.31, 95%CI (-0.41, -0.21), P＜0.000 01] were significantly lower than that of oseltamivir alone. The duration of fever were significantly shorter than that of oseltamivir alone [MD=-1.38, 95%CI (-1.67, -1.10), P＜0.000 01]. There was no significant difference in the cough score [MD=0.19, 95%CI (-0.21, 0.59), P=0.35] and the incidence of adverse reactions [RR=2.36, 95%CI (0.50, 11.20), P=0.28] between the two groups compared with the use of oseltamivir alone. Conclusion Kanggan Granule can effectively treat children with influenza, and will not increase the incidence of adverse events. However, there are few literatures, which needs further validation by a higher quality randomized controlled study.

R965.3；R969.4

中央高校基本科研业务专项资助项目（2020-JYB-ZDGG-072）