目的 应用斑马鱼模型评价紫河车冻干粉水提物（PHFAE）抗衰老的功效。方法 将健康产妇新鲜胎盘冷冻干燥后碾磨为粉，并使用蒸馏水进行提取，制成紫河车冻干粉水提物（PHFAE）。发育8 h （8 hpf）的AB系斑马鱼使用PHFAE（0、1、10、25 μg·mL^-1）连续作用72 h，对其体内β-半乳糖苷酶进行染色。随后将AB系与皮肤荧光转基因斑马鱼均随机分成对照组、模型组和PHFAE （1、10、25 μg·mL^-1）组，对照组给予培养水，模型组给予0.5 mmol·L^-1 H₂O₂溶液制备氧化损伤模型，PHFAE组同时给予H₂O₂与不同浓度PHFAE，连续作用72 h后，测定皮肤表面荧光斑点的数量；试剂盒法检测鱼体内活性氧（ROS）含量；实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）法检测ampk、mdm2、Cu/Zn-sod和Mn-sod的mRNA表达变化。结果 与对照组比较，1、10、25 μg·mL^-1的PHFAE组斑马鱼体内β-半乳糖苷酶的活性均显著降低（P＜0.01）；与模型组比较，1、10、25 μg·mL^-1的PHFAE显著抑制H₂O₂诱导的角质细胞的死亡（P＜0.01），明显抑制ROS的积聚，显著升高ampk、mdm2、Cu/Zn-sod和Mn-sod的mRNA表达（P＜0.01）。结论 PHFAE通过调控ampk、mdm2、Cu/Zn-sod和Mn-sod基因的表达，提高了机体的抗氧化能力，进而发挥抗衰老之功效。

Objective To explore the anti-senescence effect of Placenta Hominis freeze-dried power aqueous extract (PHFAE) in vivo. Methods The fresh placentas from healthy puerperae were freeze-dried. Then, they were ground into powder, and extracted by water to prepare the water extracts from Placenta Hominis freeze-dried power. 8 hpf AB strain zebrafish were treated with the different concentrations of PHFAE (0, 1, 10 and 25 μg·mL^-1) for 72 h. Followingly, zebrafish β-galactosidase was stained. Then both AB and Tg (krt4: NTR-hKikGR) strain zebrafish were divided into control, model and PHFAE (0, 1, 10 and 25 μg·mL^-1) groups. The control group was given zebrafish culture water, the model group was given 0.5 mmol·L^-1 H₂O₂ solution to prepare oxidative damage model, and the administration group was given H₂O₂ solution and different concentrations of PHFAE at the same time. After 72 h of treatment, the number of fluorescent spots on the skin surface were detected, content of reactive oxygen species were detected by kits, and the expressions of ampk, mdm2, Cu/Zn-sod and Mn-sod were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT PCR). Results Compared with control group, the activity of β-galactosidase in PHFAE group of 1, 10, 25 μg·mL^-1 was significantly reduced (P < 0.01). Compared to model group, PHFAE of 1, 10, 25 μg·mL^-1 significantly inhibited H₂O₂ induced keratinocyte death (P < 0.01), significantly inhibited ROS accumulation, and significantly increased mRNA expression of ampk, mdm2, Cu/Zn-sod, and Mn-sod (P < 0.01). Conclusion PHFAE can improve the antioxidant capacity of the body and play the anti-aging effect by regulating the expressions of ampk, mdm2, Cu/Zn-sod and Mn-sod genes.

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山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目（2022TSGC1036）；山东省自然科学基金面上项目（ZR2022MD102）；齐鲁工业大学（山东省科学院）科教产融合创新试点工程项目（2022PX061，2022PX021）。