目的 通过治疗雄激素性脱发（AGA）方剂的组方用药规律分析，并结合网络靶标反向查找中药，发现治疗AGA的有效中药，为处方发现提供依据。方法 以“脱发”为关键词，在中医药百科全书在线数据库（ETCM v2.0）检索古代方剂和中成药，按照排除标准进行筛选后，采用中医传承辅助系统（v2.5）开展用药频次、药性理论、关联规则等分析。利用文献检索AGA相关通路及靶点，反向查找靶点所对应的中药，对2部分中药进行交集，按照中药材对应靶点个数进行排序，在中医药整合药理学研究平台（TCMIP v2.0）收集排名前20味中药的化学成分，用Cytoscape 3.8.0软件构建“中药-成分-靶点-通路”网络图，并进行可视化。结果 分析得出传统组方中治疗脱发的高频次中药为当归、川芎、熟地黄、茯苓、附子、白术等，核心组合10个，使用频次＞10的关联规则6个。依据数据库分析富集靶点个数最多的中药为枸杞子、山药、半夏、地黄等，同时富集4条通路及雄激素受体（AR）、II型5α-还原酶（SRD5A2）基因的中药为丹参，其发挥作用的成分为丹参环庚三烯酚酮、胡萝卜苷、齐墩果醇酸、丹参醛、丹酚酸B。结论 针对AGA的中药主要以补肝血、养血滋阴类为主。丹参可能是治疗AGA的潜在有效中药材，并可能是通过丹参环庚三烯酚酮、胡萝卜苷、齐墩果醇酸、丹参醛、丹酚酸B等成分发挥作用。

Objective Through the analysis of the prescription medication rules of the prescription for the treatment of androgenic alopecia, and combined with the network target reverse search of traditional Chinese medicine, the effective traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of the disease was found, which provided the basis for prescription discovery by combining modern medicine. Methods The study was conducted by searching for relevant prescriptions in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Encyclopedia Online Database (ETCM v2.0) using "hair loss" as the keyword. After applying exclusion criteria, the study analyzed the frequency of medication, the theory of drug properties and the association rules using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Assistance System (v2.5). The study also utilized a literature search to identify relevant pathways and targets related to androgenetic alopecia. Then, it conducted a reverse search to find the corresponding Chinese herbal medicines for these targets. The two sets of herbal medicines were then intersected and ranked based on the number of targets they correspond to. The top 20 herbal medicines were selected, and their chemical components were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Pharmacology Database (TCMIP). The software Cytoscape3.8.0 was used to construct a network graph of "herbal medicinecomponent-target-pathway" and visualized it. Results This study analyzed that the high-frequency drugs in traditional Chinese medicine formulas for treating androgenetic alopecia were Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Rehmannia glutinosa, Poria cocos, Aconitum carmichaelii, and Atractylodes macrocephala, among others. Ten core combinations and six association rules with a usage frequency greater than 10 were identified. Based on the database analysis, the study identified several Chinese herbal medicines that were enriched with a higher number of target proteins, such as wolfberry fruit, Chinese yam, pinellia tuber, and Chinese foxglove. Additionally, the study found that Salvia miltiorrhiza enriched in four pathways and targeted AR gene and SRD5A2 gene. The active components identified for Salvia miltiorrhiza including danshenol B, miltipolone, alexandrin, 3-Oacetyloleanolic acid, and tanshinaldehyde. Conclusion Studies showed that traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia mainly consists of tonifying the liver and nourishing blood and yin. In addition, compounds such as danshenol B, miltipolone, alexandrin, 3-O-acetyloleanolic acid, and tanshinaldehyde found in Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) may have good therapeutic effects against androgenetic alopecia.

R285.5

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82074448）