脑水肿是缺血性脑卒中、脑出血、脑积水、肝衰竭等多种疾病的继发性症状，临床上治疗脑水肿的中成药主要有丹参类制剂（包括丹参注射液、复方丹参注射液和丹红注射液）和三七类制剂（三七颗粒和血塞通注射液），它们具有活血化瘀、改善血液循环的作用；经典名方桃核承气汤具有逐瘀泻热的功效，通过活血化瘀、利水作用来改善脑水肿。其药理作用主要是通过水通道、离子通道起作用，主要靶点为水通道蛋白、离子通道蛋白、血液中的基质金属蛋白酶。对相关中成药及经典名方治疗脑水肿的药理及临床研究进行归纳总结，以期为治疗该病的新药研发及临床合理用药提供依据。

Brain edema is a secondary symptom of ischemic cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, liver failure and other diseases. Clinically, Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of cerebral edema include Danshen preparations (such as Danshen Injection, Compound Danshen Injection and Danhong Injection) and Sanqi preparations (such as Sanqi Granules and Xuesaitong Injection), which have the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis to improve blood circulation. The classic prescription for the treatment of cerebral edema is Taohe Chengqi Decoction, which has the effect of expelling stasis and purging heat. It can improve cerebral edema by promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis and promoting diuresis. The treatment of cerebral edema mainly works through water channels and ion channels, and the main targets are aquaporins, ion channel proteins, and matrix metalloproteinases in the blood. In this study, the related Chinese patent medicines and traditional Chinese medicine decoctions in the treatment of cerebral edema were summarized by consulting the literature, in order to provide a basis for the development and rational use of new drugs for treating cerebral edema.

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