恶性肿瘤长久以来威胁着人类的健康，传统中药通关藤的茎和根以及其他部位已被广泛用于治疗恶性肿瘤、哮喘病、风湿病和气管炎等。近年越来越多的研究聚焦于通关藤的抗肿瘤作用，由通关藤的提取物制成的消癌平制剂在临床上广泛用于治疗肝癌、肺癌、食道癌和胃癌等。至今为止，已从通关藤的各个部位提取鉴定出包括C21甾体皂苷、甾醇/环醇类、有机酸类、多糖类、三萜类、脂肪酸类、酯类等在内的几百种化学成分。C21甾体皂苷类为通关藤的首要特征和抗肿瘤活性成分。现代药理学研究证明通关藤在体内外均有抗肿瘤活性，主要体现在抗肝癌、肺癌、血液系统肿瘤、食管癌、胃癌、乳腺癌等。通关藤的单方制剂消癌平的常用剂型有片剂、糖浆、注射液、口服液、胶囊等，主要用于治疗肝癌、食道癌、非小细胞肺癌、胃癌、结肠癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌和白血病等。通关藤及其制剂抗肿瘤作用的主要机制包括直接抗肿瘤作用，具体体现为抑制癌细胞增殖、调节肿瘤细胞血管生成、介导细胞凋亡、促进分化等，还包括对其他抗癌药物的增效减毒作用。主要综述通关藤抗肿瘤作用的主要成分和作用机制的近年研究进展及现状，旨在为通关藤的应用开发以及抗肿瘤药物的研发提供参考。

Malignant tumors have been threatening human health for a long time. The stems, roots and other parts of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Marsdenia tenacissima have been widely used to treat malignant tumors, asthma, rheumatism and tracheitis. Recently, more and more studies have focused on the anti-tumor effect of M.tenacissima. Xiaoaiping preparation made from the extract of M.tenacissima is widely used in clinical treatment of liver cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer and gastric cancer. Up to now, hundreds of chemical constituents including C21 steroidal saponins, sterols/cycloalcohols, organic acids, polysaccharides, triterpenes, fatty acids, esters, etc. have been extracted and identified from various parts of M.tenacissima. C21 steroidal saponins are the primary characteristics and anti-tumor active components of M.tenacissima. Modern pharmacological studies have proved that M.tenacissima has anti-tumor activity in vivo and in vitro, mainly reflected in anti liver cancer, lung cancer, hematological tumor, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, etc. The commonly used dosage forms of Xiaoaiping, a single prescription preparation of M.tenacissima, include tablet, syrup, injection, oral liquid, capsule, etc. It is mainly used to treat liver cancer, esophageal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, etc. The main mechanisms of anti-tumor effect of M.tenacissima and its preparations include direct anti-tumor effect, which is embodied in inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, regulation of tumor cell angiogenesis, mediation of cell apoptosis, promotion of differentiation, etc., as well as the enhancement and attenuation of other anti-cancer drugs. This article mainly reviews the research progress and status quo of the main components and mechanism of anti-tumor effect of M.tenacissima in recent years, aiming to provide reference for the application and development of M.tenacissima and the research and development of anti-tumor drugs.

国家重点研发计划资助项目（2021YFE0203100）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81873089）