目的 评价小儿热速清糖浆治疗急性上呼吸道感染表里俱热证的经济性。方法 基于随机双盲、阳性药（小儿清热宁颗粒）平行对照试验，运用成本-效果分析方法进行经济学评价，并采用Treeage Pro软件进行敏感性分析。结果 试验组和对照组成本均值分别为162.13元和119.86元。试验组、对照组中医证候痊愈率分别为46.40%、31.30%，组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.001），增量成本-效果比（ICER值，ΔC/ΔE）为每百分比2.80元；发热完全消失率分别为69.70%、63.40%，组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；便秘消失率分别为88.47%、80.00%，组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），ICER为每百分比4.99元。敏感性分析结果显示，试验组具有经济性的可能更大。结论 在具有疗效优势的情况下，试验药（小儿热速清糖浆）相对于对照药（小儿清热宁颗粒）增加的成本是值得的。

Objective To evaluate the economic effect of Xiao'er Resuqing Tangjiang in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection with both external and internal heat syndrome. Methods Based on a randomized, double-blind, positive drug (Xiaoer Qingrening Keli) parallel controlled trial, the cost-effectiveness analysis method was used, and the sensitivity analysis was performed by Treeage Pro software. Results The average cost of the experimental group and the control group were 162.13 yuan and 119.86 yuan, respectively. The cure rates of TCM syndromes in the experimental group and the control group were 46.40% and 31.30%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The ICER was 2.80 yuan/percentage. The complete disappearance rates of fever were 69.70% and 63.40%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The disappearance rates of constipation were 88.47% and 80.00%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The ICER was 4.99 yuan/percentage. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the experimental group was more likely to be economical. Conclusions The increased cost of the test drug (Xiao'er Resuqing Tangjiang) relative to the control drug (Xiao'er Qingrening Keli) is worth it when there is an efficacy advantage.

R98

国家科技重大专项（民口）课题——儿童中药新药临床评价技术示范性平台建设（2020ZX09201-008）