目的 香附抗神经炎症活性部位确定及成分分析。方法 基于脂多糖（LPS）诱导BV2细胞炎症模型，Griess法检测培养上清液中NO水平评价香附95%乙醇提取物（CR-95E，6.25、12.50、25.00、50.00 μg · mL^-1）、50%乙醇提取物（CR-50E，6.25、12.50、25.00、50.00、100.00 μg·mL^-1）、水提取物（CR-W，6.25、12.50、25.00、50.00、100.00 μg·mL^-1）的抗炎活性；ELISA试剂盒法考察活性部位对模型细胞上清液中肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）含量的影响；采用ELISA法检测上清液中犬尿氨酸途径激活关键酶吲哚胺2，3-双加氧酶（IDO）的含量变化；采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术对CR-95E进行化学成分定性分析，与NIST MS search 2.0质谱检索数据库比对鉴定化合物结构。结果 与模型组比较，CR-95E在6.25～50.00 μg· mL^-1时可显著抑制LPS诱导BV2细胞释放NO（P＜0.001），而CR-50E和CR-W无效，说明CR-95E具有确切的抗神经炎作用。与模型组比较，CR-95E可显著降低细胞上清液中炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的含量（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001），显著降低IDO的过量表达（P＜0.001）。GC-MS分析，从CR-95E中共鉴定了34个化合物，主要为萜烯类和酮类成分，相对质量分数由高到低依次为异长叶烯酮（19.47%）、石竹烯氧化物（4.98%）、喇叭烯氧化物（-II）（4.01%）、α-古芸烯（3.66%）等。结论 香附抗神经炎症活性部位为CR-95E，主要含有萜烯类和酮类成分等低极性成分，可通过抑制细胞NO和炎症因子的释放，抑制IDO过表达发挥抗神经炎症作用。

Objective To evaluate the anti-neuroinflammatory activity and analyze its components of Cyperi rhizome. Methods 95% ethanol extract (CR-95E), 50% ethanol extract (CR-50E) and water extract (CR-W) of Cyperi rhizome were sequential prepared by heating reflux method. The anti-inflammatory activities were screened based on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced BV2 cells inflammation model. The content of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory factors (IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6) in supernatant of model cells were detected after the obtained active site treatment. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO), the key enzyme of the kynurenine pathway rate-limiting enzyme, was detected by ELISA. The chemical constituents of the obtained active site was analyzed by GCMS, and further identified through searching by NIST MS search 2.0. Results CR-95E significantly decreased the content of NO (P < 0.001) in LPS-induced BV2 cells at 6.25-50.00 μg· mL^-1, but CR-50E and CR-W did no, which suggested that the CR-95E had a definite anti-neuroinflammation effect. Moreover, CR-95E significantly decreased the contents of NO and intracellular inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. In addition, CR-95E could significantly reduce the overexpression of IDO, suggesting that CR-95E might play a role in cell protection and regulating neuronal dysfunction through inhibiting the accumulation of toxic metabolites caused by abnormal activation of kynurenine pathway. As a result, 34 compounds were identified by NIST MS Search 2.0, including isolongifolene (19.47%), caryophyllene oxide (4.98%), ledene oxide-(II) (4.01%), α-paleobrassene (3.66%). Conclusion The anti-neuroinflammatory components of Cyperi rhizome concentrate on low polarity components mainly including terpenes and ketones. Its plays an anti-neuroinflammation role through inhibiting the release of NO and inflammatory factor sby regulated the NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway and kynurenine pathway. Our study provided scientific data for the discovery and mechanism of anti-neuroinflammatory components of Cyperi rhizome.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（81973461）；中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目（2021-I2M-1-028）