胶质瘤是原发性中枢神经系统肿瘤最常见的组织学类型，其起源于星形细胞、少突胶质细胞和室管膜来源的胶质细胞，生长多呈广泛浸润性，是最具侵袭性的原发性脑肿瘤。世界卫生组织（WHO）按肿瘤细胞的恶性程度将脑胶质瘤分为Ⅰ～Ⅳ级，其中I级恶性程度最低、预后最好，IV级恶性程度最高、预后最差。胶质瘤目前的标准治疗方法包括手术切除和放化疗，但这些手段并不能带来满意的治疗效果，这与胶质瘤在脑内的侵袭性生长、血脑屏障限制和肿瘤耐药相关。近年来，随着肿瘤基因组和免疫微环境等研究的深入，胶质瘤与宿主免疫系统间的关系逐渐被阐明，免疫治疗等新技术逐步发展，为进一步改善胶质瘤临床预后带来希望。从胶质瘤与宿主免疫系统间的关系入手，对目前胶质瘤免疫疗法的可行性进行探讨和综述，为胶质瘤的有效治疗提供参考。

Glioma is the most common histological type of primary central nervous system tumors, which originates from astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and glial cells of ependymal origin, grows mostly widely infiltrative, and is an aggressive primary brain tumor. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies gliomas into grades I to IV according to the malignancy of tumor cells, with grade I having the lowest malignancy and the best prognosis, and grade IV having the highest malignancy and the worst prognosis. The current standard treatment for gliomas, including surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy, does not result in satisfactory therapeutic outcomes, which are associated with aggressive growth of gliomas, blood-brain barrier restriction, and tumor resistance. In recent years, with the deepening of the study of tumor genome and immune microenvironment, the relationship between glioma and host immune system has been gradually elucidated, and new technologies such as immunotherapy have been gradually developed, which brings hope for further improving the clinical prognosis of glioma. This article discusses and reviews the feasibility of current glioma immunotherapy starting from the relationship between glioma and host immune system, providing a reference for the effective treatment of glioma.

R979.1

贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合［2016］支撑 2905)