目的 探究连花清瘟胶囊联合阿奇霉素治疗肺炎支原体肺炎的临床治疗疗效及其对免疫功能的影响。方法 选取2018年3月—2019年5月河南省人民医院诊断为肺炎支原体肺炎患者96例作为研究对象，按就诊顺序根据随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组各48例。对照组静脉滴注注射用阿奇霉素，0.5 g/次，1次/d。观察组在对照组的基础上口服连花清瘟胶囊，4粒/次，3次/d。两组均连续治疗5 d。观察两组患者的临床疗效，比较两组治疗前后的肺功能和免疫功能指标水平。结果 治疗后，对照组和观察组的总有效率分别为83.33%、95.83%，两组总有效率比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）和用力肺活量（FVC）水平均显著升高（P<0.05），且观察组肺功能指标均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组免疫球蛋白（Ig）A、IgG、IgM和CD4⁺水平均显著升高，CD8⁺显著降低（P<0.05）；治疗后，观察组患者IgG、IgM和CD8⁺水平显著低于对照组，IgA和CD4⁺水平高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 连花清瘟胶囊联合阿奇霉素治疗肺炎支原体肺炎能显著提高临床疗效，改善血清中免疫因子表达水平，减少不良反应的发生，具有较高的临床应用价值。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules combined with azithromycin in treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae and its influence on immune function. Methods A total of 96 patients with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in People's Hospital of Zhengzhou from March 2018 to May 2019 were selected as study subjects. According to the order of admission, they were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number method, with 48 patients in each group. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Azithromycin for Injection, 0.5 g/time, once daily. Patients in the observation group were po administered with Lianhua Qingwen Capsules on the basis of the control group, 4 grains/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 5 d. The clinical efficacy in two groups was observed, and the lung function and immune function indexes before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the control group and the observation group was 83.33% and 95.83%, respectively, and the difference between two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of FEV₁ and FVC in two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the levels of lung function indexes in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, IgA, IgG, IgM, and CD4⁺ levels in two groups were significantly increased, while CD8⁺ levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05). After treatment, IgG, IgM, and CD8⁺ levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, but IgA and CD4⁺ levels were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion Lianhua Qingwen Capsules combined with azithromycin in treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia can significantly improve the clinical efficacy, improve the expression level of immune factors in serum, reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, has a high clinical application value.

R974

国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.81273877）