中药化学成分复杂，寻找中药化学成分快速识别与定性的方法是亟待解决的问题。液质联用技术具有分离能力强、检测灵敏度高和专属性强等特点，在中药研究中发挥重要作用。为了寻找快速定性中药化学成分的方法，加快中药现代化的步伐，从四级杆飞行时间串联质谱、静电场轨道阱质谱和离子淌度质谱3种质谱技术以及诊断离子、分子网络、最佳碰撞能、碰撞截面、定量结构-保留关系模型5种研究方法对近年来液质联用技术在中药化学成分定性分析方面的发展进行综述，以期为中药质量控制和中药现代分析提供新的思路和方法。

The chemical constituents of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) are complex and have many structures. It is urgent to find a rapid identification and characterization method of TCM. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with the characteristics of strong separation ability, high detection sensitivity and specificity plays an important role in the research of TCM. In order to find a rapid method to determine the chemical composition of TCM and speed up the modernization of TCM, this paper summaried the application of LC-MS in recent years from three kinds of mass spectrometry techniques:quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Orbitrap mass spectrometry and ion mobility mass spectrometry, as well as five research methods:diagnostic ion, molecular network, optimal collision energy, collision cross section and quantitative structure retention relationship model. The development of qualitative analysis of chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine were reviewed, and provide new ideas and methods for quality control and modern analysis of traditional Chinese medicine.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金资助项目（31770362；81703697）