[关键词]
[摘要]
甘草及甘草酸类成分有抗冠状病毒、流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒和人巨细胞病毒等呼吸道病毒的作用,其机制可能与抑制病毒的蛋白合成,导致病毒复制受阻;改善免疫调控,上调一氧化氮表达,抑制血小板聚集,抑制炎症反应,保护宿主有关。甘草及甘草酸类成分有止咳祛痰、平喘及肺保护和抗肺纤维化作用,其机制可能是通过上调过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体-γ(PPARγ)、血管紧张素转化酶2(ACE2)和IκB-α的表达,阻滞ERK/NF-κB信号通路,又能与高迁移率属蛋白B1(HMGB1)结合直接抑制HMGB1的化学趋化和促有丝分裂的活性,抑制炎性细胞因子表达、杯状细胞增生和黏蛋白过表达,以及上调水通道蛋白表达,减轻炎症反应;通过阻滞TLR-4/MyD88/NF-κB信号通路保护肺上皮细胞;通过阻滞IL-17/TGFβ1/Smad信号通路,抑制胶原合成和成纤维细胞增生,减轻肺纤维化形成;也可通过上调Smad7的表达,抑制气道重塑,改善肺功能。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Licorice and glycyrrhizic acid have the effects against coronavirus, influenza virus, RSV, PRRSV, cytomegalovirus, their mechanisms can relate to inhibit synthesis of protein in virus to obstruction replication of virus; and can relate to improve immunoregulation, up-regulating the expression of NO, inhibiting platelet aggregation and inflammation, so can protect host. Licorice and glycyrrhizic acid can stop cough, expel phlegm, asthma, protect lung and resist pulmonary fibrosis, their mechanisms may be up-regulating the expressions of PPARγ, ACE2, and IκB- α, to blockade ERK/NFκB pathway; and can combine with HMGB1 to directly inhibit its activities of chemotaxis and mitogenesis, to inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines, caliciform cell hyperplasia and mucin expression, and up-regulate aquaporin expression, so can alleviate inflammatory response; may be through blocking TLR-4/MyD88/NFκB pathway to protect pulmonary epithelial cells, and through blocking IL-17/TGFβ1/Smad pathway to inhibit collagen synthesis and fibrocyte hyperplasia, so can alleviate pulmonary fibrogenesis; may be through upregulating the expression of Smad7 to inhibit airway remodeling, so can ameliorate pulmonary function.
[中图分类号]
R285.5;R978.7
[基金项目]