目的 评价醋制香附挥发油抗抑郁活性并分析其化学成分。方法 应用小鼠敞箱、悬尾和强迫游泳实验模型考察水蒸气蒸馏提取的醋制香附挥发油（3.9 g生药量/kg）对小鼠自主活动、悬尾和强迫游泳不动时间的影响，以盐酸氟西汀为阳性对照；应用ELISA检测小鼠脑皮质中5-羟色胺（5-HT）的含量；采用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用分析醋制香附挥发油化学成分，通过NIST MS search 2.0谱库检索鉴定结构。结果 醋制香附挥发油对敞箱实验中小鼠的自主活动无影响，表明其不具有中枢神经系统兴奋作用；与对照组比较，醋制香附挥发油可显著缩短小鼠悬尾的不动时间（P<0.01），亦可缩短小鼠强迫游泳不动时间，但不具有显著性差异；醋制香附挥发油可显著升高小鼠脑皮质中5-HT的含量（P<0.01）；从挥发油中共鉴定36个化合物，其中α-香附酮的相对含量最高，达15.93%，其它含量较高的成分主要为烯类和酮类成分，依次为异长叶烯-5-酮（8.53%）、氧化石竹烯（3.76%）、Ledene oxide-（II）（3.48%）和桉油烯醇（3.45%）。结论 醋制香附挥发油具有抗抑郁作用，提高脑组织中5-HT的含量是其抗抑郁作用机制之一；主要组成成分有：α-香附酮、异长叶烯-5-酮、氧化石竹烯、Ledene oxide-（II）和桉油烯醇等。

Objective To evaluate the antidepressant activity and analysis its chemical compositons of the volatile oil from vinegarmade Cyperi rhizome. Methods The volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation method. Mice acute stress models (tail suspension and forced swimming test) were applied to evaluate the antidepressant effects and open box experiment to detect mouse's autonomous activity. The content of serotonin (5-HT) in cerebral cortex of mice was detected by ELISA method. The chemical constituents of volatile oil were analyzed by GC-MS, and further identified through comparison with the data in NIST MS search 2.0. Results The results of open box experiment showed that the volatile oil from vinegar-made Cyperi rhizome has no central nervous system excitatory effect. Compared with the normal group, volatile oil treatment significantly shortened the immobility time was in tail suspension test (P < 0.01). It also shortened the immobility time in force swimmming test but had no significantly. Volatile oil can significantly increase the content of 5-HT. A total of 36 compounds were identified in the volatile oil from vinegarmade Cyperi rhizome. Among them, α-cyperone was the main compound and its relative content was as high as 15.93%. The other components with higher content were mainly alkenes and ketones, such as isolongifolene-5-one (8.53%), caryophyllene oxide (3.76%), ledene oxide - (II) (3.48%) and cineole (3.45%). Conclusion The results indicated that the volatile oil of Cyperi rhizome processing with vinegar exhibit anti-depression effect and increase the level of 5-HT would be one of its mechanism of action. The main components have α-cyperone, isolongifolene-5-one, caryophyllene oxide, ledene oxide- (II) and cineole and so on.

R965

国家自然科学基金项目（81503230、81973461）；国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项（2018ZX09711001-008）