目的 探讨复方鱼腥草软胶囊联合注射用头孢硫脒治疗儿童急性扁桃体炎的临床疗效。方法 选择2018年7月—2019年7月在海南省妇女儿童医学中心就诊的98例急性扁桃体炎患者儿为研究对象，根据用药的差别分为观察组（49例）和对照组（49例）。对照组给予注射用头孢硫脒，50～100 mg/（kg·d），与0.9%氯化钠注射液250 mL配伍，2次/d；观察组在对照组基础上口服复方鱼腥草软胶囊，1.0 g/次，3次/d。对比两组治疗效果。比较两组临床症候积分、相关积分、血清学指标和T淋巴细胞亚群。结果 经治疗，对照组有效率为81.63%，显著低于观察组的97.96%（P<0.05）。经治疗，两组咽痛、咽部充血、扁桃体肿大、发热等症候积分均下降（P<0.05），且观察组最显著（P<0.05）。经治疗，两组视觉模拟疼痛评分（VAS）、面部表情量表（FPS-R）评分、生命质量测定量表（QLQ-C30）评分均显著改善（P<0.05），且以观察组最显著（P<0.05）。经治疗，两组血清超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、降钙素原（PCT）、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体（SIL-2R）水平均下降（P<0.05），且观察组最显著（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组血清CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均增高，而CD8⁺水平均降低（P<0.05），且观察组最显著（P<0.05）。结论 儿童急性扁桃体炎采用复方鱼腥草软胶囊联合注射用头孢硫脒治疗不仅可改善其临床症状，降低机体炎症因子水平，还可促进生活质量及机体免疫能力提高，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Compound Yuxingcao Soft Capsules combined with Cefathiamidine for injection in treatment of acute tonsillitis in children. Methods Ninety-eight children with acute tonsillitis treated in Hainan Women and Children Medical Center from July 2018 to July 2019 were divided into observation group (49 cases) and control group (49 cases) according to the difference of medication. The control group was given Cefathiamidine for injection, 50-100 mg/(kg·d), combined with 0.9% sodium chloride injection 250 mL, twice daily. While the observation group were po administered with Compound Yuxingcao Soft Capsules on the basis of control group, 1.0 g/time, three times daily. The therapeutic effects of two groups were compared, and the clinical symptom scores, related integrals, serological indexes, and T lymphocyte subsets before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the effective rate of the control group was 81.63%, which was significantly lower than 97.96% of the observation group (P<0.05). After treatment, the symptom scores of pharyngeal pain, pharyngeal congestion, tonsillar enlargement, and fever the two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the observation group was the most significant (P<0.05). After treatment, VAS score, FPS-R score and QLQ-C30 score in two groups were significantly improved (P<0.05), and the observation group was the most significant (P<0.05).After treatment, the levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, PCT, and SIL-2R in serum of two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the observation group was the most significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in serum of both groups were increased, but the levels of CD8⁺ were decreased, and the observation group was the most significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Compound Yuxingcao Soft Capsules combined with Cefathiamidine for injection in treatment of acute tonsillitis in children can effectively improve the clinical symptoms, reduce inflammation factor levels, promote the quality of life, and improve the immune capacity. It has certain clinical promotion and application value.

R974

海南省卫生计生行业科研项目（18A200077）