目的 测定地龙、土鳖虫、九香虫、蜂房4种动物源性药材中无机元素，并探索其元素量变规律。方法 采用微波消解法对样品进行前处理，电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）法对地龙、土鳖虫、九香虫、蜂房中铍（Be）、钒（V）、钴（Co）、镍（Ni）、镓（Ga）、硒（Se）、铷（Rb）、锶（Sr）、银（Ag）、铯（Cs）、铀（U）、铜（Cu）、砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）和铅（Pb）16种无机元素进行测定，并采用元素指纹图谱直观分析、元素主成分分析、偏最小二乘判别分析、聚类分析对元素含量差异性进行统计分析。结果 16种无机元素的线性关系良好（R>0.996），回收率为87.4～113.0%。4种动物药中检测了16种无机元素含量，并绘制无机元素指纹图谱，发现其谱图具有一定的特征性，4种动物药中As、Cd和Pb残留量较高，有害无机元素的量超标应引起关注。通过主成分分析、偏最小二乘法判别分析、聚类分析，发现不同样品元素之间含量变异均能呈现出明显特征，并以此可区分不同种类的动物药。结论 通过无机元素在4种动物药中的组成分布及其量的变化规律研究，为动物药的质量控制及安全性评价提供依据，同时为动物药重金属形态价态研究提供基础参考。

Objective Determine the inorganic elements in animal medicines of earthworm, soil locust, aspongopus, hive and explore the law of their quantity variation. Methods These samples were pretreated by microwave digestion. ICP-MS was used to detect Be, V, Co, Ni, Ga, Se, Rb, Sr, Ag, Cs, U, Cu, As, Cd, Hg, Pb in four animal medicines, and differences in the content of elements for element fingerprint analysis, element principal component analysis, partial least square discriminant analysis, and cluster analysis. Results Totally 16 kinds of inorganic elements linearly good (R>0.996), the recovery rate was 87.4% to 113.0%. The content of 16 inorganic elements was detected in four animal drugs, and the fingerprints of inorganic elements were drawn. The spectrum of the elements was found to have certain characteristics. The residual amounts of As, Cd and Pb in the four animal drugs were higher. Excessive amounts of harmful inorganic elements should cause concern. Through PCA, PLS-DA, and cluster analysis, it was found that the variation of content between different sample elements can show obvious characteristics, and can distinguish different kinds of animal drugs. Conclusion Through the study of the composition and distribution of inorganic elements in four animal drugs, and providing a basis for the quality control and safety evaluation of animal drugs, and providing a basic reference for the study of the morphological state of heavy metals in animal drugs.

R913

国家十二五“重大新药创制”课题（2014ZX09304307-002）；吉林省省级医药健康产业发展专项（20180311026YY）