目的 比较吉姆萨、巴氏和邵氏染色在大鼠阴道脱落细胞中的染色效果以及对正确判断动情周期的影响，确定最佳染色方法。方法 对11～12周龄的SD大鼠连续15 d每天上午同一时间采用灌洗法进行阴道涂片，使用吉姆萨、巴氏和邵氏染色液进行染色，观察染色效果，并对三种染色方法的灵敏度、特异度和正确率进行比较。结果 吉姆萨染色的细胞颜色单一，不利于分辩各细胞类型。巴氏和邵氏染色的细胞颜色丰富，可将不同角化程度的细胞染成不同颜色，更有助于动情周期的准确判断，且邵氏较巴氏更易于上色；和吉姆萨和巴氏染色相比，邵氏染色灵敏度、特异度最高，而且阅片结果的正确率也是最高。结论 邵氏染色法能更好地反应细胞的形态结构，有利于正确的判断大鼠动情周期，且染色过程耗时少，阅片时间短，是一种具有良好实用性的大鼠阴道涂片染色方法。

Objestive To compare the staining effect of Giemsa,Papanicolaou and Shorr staining solution in rat vaginal exfoliated cells and its effect on the correct judgment of estrous cycle, and to determine an optimal staining method for judging estrous cycle. Methods The vaginal smears of 11-12 week old SD rats were carried out by lavage at the same time every day for 15 days. Giemsa, Papanicolaou and Shorr staining solutions were used to observe the staining effect, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the three staining methods were compared. Results The cell color of Giemsa staining was single, which was not conducive to distinguishing the cell types. The cells stained by Papanicolaou and Shorr staining were rich in color, which can dye the cells with different keratosis degrees into different colors, which was more helpful to the accurate judgment of estrous cycle, and Shorr staining was easier to color than Papanicolaou staining. Compared with Giemsa and Papanicolaou staining, Shorr staining had the highest sensitivity and specificity, and the correct rate of reading results was also the highest. Conclusion Shorr staining can better reflect the morphology and structure of cells, which is helpful to correctly judge the estrous cycle of rats, and the staining process takes less time and the reading time is short. It is a practical staining method for rat vaginal smear.

R965

国家科技重大新药创制项目（2015ZX09501004）