目的 探讨细菌溶解产物胶囊联合匹多莫德颗粒对儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿免疫功能的影响。方法 选取2015年8月-2018年8月在榆林市第二医院就诊的82例儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿，按照患者入院先后顺序编号，采用奇偶数法分为观察组（n=41）和对照组（n=41）。对照组给予匹多莫德颗粒，0.4 g/次，3次/d。观察组在对照组基础上给予细菌溶解产物胶囊7 mg/次，1次/d。均治疗21 d。对比两组临床疗效、肺功能、莱塞斯特咳嗽生命质量问卷（LCQ）评分及免疫功能指标情况。结果 治疗后，观察组总有效率90.24%，显著高于对照组的65.85%（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、呼气峰流速（PEF）和FEV1/FVC均较治疗前显著升高（P<0.05），且观察组肺功能明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后两组LCQ评分（生理、心理、社会和总分）均较治疗前显著升高（P<0.05）；且观察组LCQ评分明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组白介素-4（IL-4）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和血清免疫球蛋白E（IgE）均显著低于治疗前（P<0.05）；且观察组IL-4、TNF-α和IgE均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 细菌溶解产物胶囊联合匹多莫德颗粒可有效改善儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿肺功能和生活质量，提高免疫功能，值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of Bacterial Lysates Capsules combined with Pidotimod Granules on immune function in children with cough variant asthma. Methods Children (82 cases) with cough variant asthma who were treated in The Yulin Second Hospital from August 2015 to August 2018, they were numbered in order of admission and divided into observation group (n=41) and control group (n=41) by odd and even number method. Children in the control group were given Pidotimod Granules, 0.4 g/time, three times daily. Children in the observation group were given Bacterial Lysates Capsules on the basis of control group, 7 mg/time, once daily. Children in two groups were treated for 21 d. The clinical effects, lung function, LCQ score, and immune function of two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 90.24%, which was significantly higher than 65.85% of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of FEV1, PEF and FEV1/FVC in two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the lung function in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, physiological, psychological, social and total scores in two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the LCQ scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, IL-4, TNF-α and IgE were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and IL-4, TNF-α and IgE were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Bacterial Lysates Capsules combined with Pidotimod Granules can effectively improve pulmonary function and quality of life in children with cough variant asthma, and improve immune function, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

陕西省卫生厅小儿疾病研究（2008K14-05）