目的 采用幼龄厌食症模型大鼠，评价小儿化滞健脾丸的治疗作用，并探讨其对模型大鼠外周血及下丘脑中胆囊收缩素（CCK8）和β-内啡肽（β-EP）等的影响。方法 将72只SD幼年大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性组及小儿化滞健脾丸高、中、低剂量组，每组12只。用特制饲料喂养法构建小儿厌食症模型，给药4周，监测体质量和摄食量等一般状态。末次完成给药后，测定其小肠推进率；采用ELISA试剂盒检测血浆中CCK8和β-EP的含量；取下丘脑，做病理切片，HE染色观察组织形态学改变，并采用免疫组化法检测组织中CCK8和β-EP的表达情况。结果 与模型组比较，各治疗组大鼠的进食量、体质量、小肠推进率等均显著增加（P<0.05、0.01）；阳性组及小儿化滞健脾丸高、中、低剂量组外周血β-EP含量显著增高（P<0.01），且阳性组、小儿化滞健脾丸高剂量组下丘脑中β-EP蛋白表达显著增高；阳性组及小儿化滞健脾丸高、中、低剂量组血浆CCK8含量显著降低（P<0.01），且阳性组和小儿化滞健脾丸高、中剂量组下丘脑CCK8蛋白表达显著降低（P<0.01）。各组间下丘脑组织形态学无明显差异。结论 小儿化滞健脾丸可以有效改善小儿厌食模型的厌食症状，提示该药对小儿厌食症有较好的治疗作用，其作用机制可能为通过调节β-EP、CCK8等的表达，即调节"脑肠肽-食欲中枢"来实现其治疗作用。

Objective The young rats with anorexia were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Xiaoer Huazhi Jianpi Pills and its effects on CCK8 and β-EP in model rats. Method A total of 72 SD young rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, positive group and high, medium and low dose groups of Xiaoer Huazhi Jianpi Pills, each group had 12 rats. The model of anorexia in children was constructed by special feed feeding method, and the body weight and food intake was monitored. After the last administration, the intestinal propulsion rate was measured, CCK8 and β-EP in plasma were determined by ELISA. Histopathological changes were observed by pathological sections of the hypothalamus and HE staining, and the expressions of CCK8 and β-EP in the tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the model group, the food intake, body weight, and intestinal propulsion rate of the rats in each treatment group increased significantly (P<0.05, 0.01). The β -EP content in the peripheral blood of the positive group and high, medium and low dose groups of Xiaoer Huazhi Jianpi Pills were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the expression of β-EP in the hypothalamus of the positive group and the high dose group was significantly increased. Plasma CCK8 levels were significantly decreased in the positive,and high, medium and low dose groups, and the expression of CCK8 in the hypothalamus of the positive, high and medium dose groups was significantly decreased (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the histomorphology of hypothalamus among groups. Conclusion Xiaoer Huazhi Jianpi Pills can effectively improve the anorexia symptoms in children with anorexia model, suggesting that the drug has a good therapeutic effect on anorexia in children. The mechanism may be through regulation of β -EP and CCK8, etc. that is, regulating the "brainintestinal peptide-appetite center" to achieve its therapeutic effect.