目的 分析急支糖浆联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎的疗效及对炎症因子水平的影响。方法 回顾性选取2014年7月-2016年9月成都市郫都区人民医院收治的小儿支原体肺炎患儿94例，根据治疗方法不同分为对照组和观察组。对照组患儿采用阿奇霉素序贯疗法进行治疗，首先iv阿奇霉素10 mg/（kg·d），连续用药5 d；之后口服阿奇霉素颗粒5 mg/（kg·d），连续用药3 d，停药4 d为1个疗程。观察组患儿在对照组基础上同时口服急支糖浆，根据年龄确定剂量，<3岁者7 mL/次；3~7岁者10 mL/次；7~12岁者15 mL/次，均为3次/d。两组均治疗2个疗程。观察两组患儿症状、体征消失时间、住院时间、不良反应情况、血清炎症因子、基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平变化情况。结果 观察组患儿退热时间、咳嗽消失时间、肺部湿啰音消失时间及住院时间均短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组患儿治疗后超敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、白介素-4（IL-4）、降钙素原（PCT）、MMP-9及MDA水平均较治疗前下降，γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平较治疗前上升，同组治疗前后比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患儿治疗后hs-CRP、IL-4、PCT、MMP-9及MDA水平低于对照组，IFN-γ和SOD水平高于对照组，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患儿不良反应率为8.16%，对照组为37.78%，观察组患儿不良反应率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 急支糖浆联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎疗效确切，可调节患儿血清炎症因子水平，抑制患儿氧自由基产生，且安全性较高。

Objective To analyze the effect of azithromycin and fast syrup on the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children and its influence on the improvement of inflammatory factors. Methods A retrospective selection of children with mycoplasma pneumonia from July 2014 to September 2016 in our hospital 94 cases, according to the different treatment methods were divided into observation group and control group. The control group were treated with Azithromycin Sequential therapy, the observation group were treated with Azithromycin combined with acute bronchitis syrup for treatment. Observation of two groups of children with symptoms, signs disappeared time, hospitalization time, adverse reactions, inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase -9 (MMP-9), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Results The time of fever, the time of cough disappearance, the time of lung rales disappearance and the length of stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). The two groups after treatment hs-CRP, IL-4, PCT, MMP-9 and MDA levels were lower than that before treatment, IFN-γ and SOD levels compared with those before treatment (P<0.05). The levels of hs-CRP, IL-4, PCT, MMP-9 and MDA in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the levels of IFN-γ and SOD were higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). To observe the adverse reaction rate of 8.16% groups, the control group was 37.78%. The adverse reactions in the observation group were lower than control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Azithromycin Jizhi syrup for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children is effective, can regulate the level of serum inflammatory factors in children, children with inhibition of oxygen free radicals, and high safety.

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