目的 探讨布地奈德雾化吸入联合阿奇霉素对重症支原体肺炎患儿的临床疗效。方法 选取南阳市第二人民医院2011年3月-2017年12月收治的重症支原体肺炎患儿60例，根据治疗方法分成对照组、观察组，每组30例。对照组使用阿奇霉素进行治疗，观察组使用布地奈德联合阿奇霉素进行治疗。比较两组的临床疗效、症状缓解时间及不良反应的发生情况。结果 治疗结束后，观察组临床疗效的总有效率是93.33%，明显高于对照组的76.67%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患儿的体温恢复时间是（2.8±1.1）d，明显短于对照组的（4.8±1.2）d，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组患儿的啰音消失时间是（4.2±1.3）d，明显短于对照组的（6.8±2.1）d，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组患儿的咳嗽缓解时间是（7.4±1.6）d，明显短于对照组的（11.4±2.7）d，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患儿的不良反应发生率是6.67%，明显低于对照组的26.67%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 布地奈德雾化吸入联合阿奇霉素对支原体肺炎患儿疗效确切，安全可靠，值得临床应用和推广。

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy on budesonide spray inhalation combined with azithromycin in treatment of children with severe mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods Selected 60 children with severe mycoplasma pneumonia in our hospital from March 2011 to December 2017. All patients were divided into control group and observation group by treatment methods, each group of 30 cases. The control group was treated with azithromycin. The observation group was treated with budesonide combined with azithromycin. The clinical efficacy, symptom relief time and occurrence of adverse reactions of two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of clinical efficacy in the observation group (93.33%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (76.67%) (P<0.05). Temperature recovery time of observation group (2.8±1.1) d was shorter than that in the control group (4.8±1.2) d (P<0.05). The disappearance time of cough and pulmonary rales of observation group (4.2±1.3) d was shorter than that in the control group (6.8±2.1) d (P<0.05). The cough remission time of observation group (7.4±1.6) d was shorter than that in the control group (11.4±2.7) d (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse events in the observation group (6.67%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (26.67%) (P<0.05). Conclusions The clinical efficacy on budesonide spray inhalation combined with azithromycin in treatment of children with severe mycoplasma pneumonia is good, safe and effective, worthy of clinical application in the promotion.