目的 观察还贝止咳方对肺炎链球菌致肺热模型大鼠的胸腺、脾脏指数，炎性细胞及炎性因子的影响。方法 SD幼年大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、头孢呋辛酯片组、小儿肺热咳喘颗粒组及还贝止咳方的低、中、高剂量组，采用鼻腔滴入肺炎链球菌的方法建立大鼠肺热模型，造模前后监测大鼠体温，评价大鼠肺热模型；采用流式细胞仪及全血分析仪检测大鼠全血中的炎性细胞；采用酶联免疫技术检测大鼠肺灌洗液（BALF）中的白细胞介素（IL-4、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、血清免疫球蛋白E（IgE）水平；完整剥离大鼠脾脏和胸腺，检测脾脏指数和胸腺指数。结果 与对照组比较，模型组大鼠的体温明显升高（P<0.01），说明造模成功。与模型组比较，还贝止咳方低、中、高剂量组大鼠体温均显著降低（P<0.05、0.01），全血中的白细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞数目、Th/Ts比值均显著降低（P<0.05、0.01），CD3⁺CD4⁺、CD3⁺CD8⁺细胞比例显著上升（P<0.05、0.01）；BALF中的IL-10、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-4、TNF-α的水平明显降低（P<0.05、0.01）；且对IL-1β及TNF-α的下调作用优于阳性对照药；脾脏指数明显升高（P<0.05、0.01）。结论 还贝止咳方对细菌性大鼠肺炎模型具有一定的治疗作用，主要通过调节大鼠的免疫功能，减轻炎性反应发挥作用。

Objective To observe the effect of Huanbei Zhike Recipe on thymus, spleen index, inflammatory cells, and inflammatory cytokines in lung heat model rats induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Methods SD young rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, Cefuroxime Axetil Tablets group, children's lung hot cough and asthma granule group and Huanbeizhike recipe lower, middle and high dose group. The rat lung heat model was established by the nasal drip of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The body temperature of the rats was monitored before and after modeling to evaluate the rat model of pulmonary hyperthermia. The flow cytometry and whole blood analyzer were used to detect the inflammatory cells in rat whole blood. The secretion levels of IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, TNF-α and IgE in rat lung lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The spleen and thymus were stripped completely, and spleen index and thymus index were detected. Results The body temperature of model group was significantly increased (P<0.01), indicating successful modeling. Compared with the model group, the body temperature, leukocyte, neutrophil number and Th/Ts ratio in the whole blood of Huanbeizhike recipe low, medium and high dose groups were significantly decreased and CD3⁺CD4⁺ and CD3⁺CD8⁺ increased significantly (P<0.05 and 0.01). The levels of IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4 and TNF-α of BALF were significantly decreased (P<0.05 and 0.01) of Huanbeizhike recipe, and the down-regulation effect of IL-1β and TNF-α was better than that of positive control. The spleen index of Huanbeizhike recipe was significantly increased (P<0.05 and 0.01). Conclusion Huanbeizhike Recipe has a certain therapeutic effect on the bacterial rat pneumonia model, mainly through the regulation of the immune function of rats to reduce the inflammatory effect.

山西省重点研发计划（201603D321028）