目的 探讨纳洛酮对急性新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（NRDS）的临床疗效及心肌的保护作用。方法 入选急性NRDS100例，随机分为对照组（50例）和研究组（50例）；对照组给予常规治疗，研究组在对照组治疗的基础上加用纳洛酮治疗。比较两组治疗前后血清肌酸激酶（CK）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）和肌钙蛋白I （cTnI）水平。比较两组住院天数、机械通气天数、用氧天数、呼吸机参数、氧合功能指标[动脉氧分压（PaO₂）、氧合指数（OI）及动脉血/肺泡气氧分压比（a/APO₂）]及治愈率。结果 治疗后研究组CK、CK-MB、cTnI水平均显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。研究组氧合功能各指标均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组呼吸机参数除PEEP外均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组的用氧天数、机械通气天数、住院天数均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组治愈率相比差异无统计学意义。结论 纳洛酮有助于提高NRDS整体疗效，对NRDS心肌保护作用明显。

Objection To investigate the clinical efficacy and myocardial protection of naloxone in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods 100 patients who suffer from NRDS were randomly divided into the study group (50 cases) and the control group (50 cases). The control group were given conventional treatment while the study group was additionally treated with naloxone. Before and after the study, their serum levels of CK, CK-MB, cTnI were compared between the two groups. The following parameters (days in hospital, duration time of ventilation, oxygenation function (PaO₂、OI and a/APO₂), cure rate) alse compared between the two groups.Results The serum level of CK, CK-MB, cTnI in the study group were obviously lower than the control group. The oxygenation function of the study group was superior to the control group (P< 0.05). The ventilation function of the study group was better than the control group except PEEP. After treatment, the days in hospital, the duration time of ventilation and the oxygen days were better than the control group (P< 0.05). There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups in the cure rate.Conclusion Naloxone can protect myocardial and improve the effectiveness on the conventional treatment in the NRDS.