目的 探讨西咪替丁联合阿昔洛韦治疗小儿水痘的临床疗效。方法 选取80例水痘患儿，随机数字表法分为两组，对照组患儿（40例）静脉滴注阿昔洛韦注射液15 mg/（kg·d），观察组患儿（40例）静脉滴注西咪替丁注射液和阿昔洛韦注射液各15 mg/（kg·d），两组均治疗7 d。观察并记录两组患儿临床疗效，治疗后患儿退热时间、皮疹结痂时间、瘙痒消失时间，治疗前后HAMA评分及治疗期间不良反应情况，评价西咪替丁联合阿昔洛韦治疗小儿水痘的临床疗效。结果 观察组治疗有效率87.5%，对照组治疗有效率65.0%，观察组治疗有效率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后观察组患儿退热时间、皮疹结痂时间、瘙痒消失时间均短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗前，两组患儿HAMA评分相比，无统计学差异；治疗后，两组患儿HAMA评分均明显降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且观察组明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗期间，两组不良反应率无明显差异。结论 西咪替丁联合阿昔洛韦治疗小儿水痘效果良好，能较快改善水痘临床症状，减轻小儿焦虑情绪，治疗方案安全性高，值得临床推广使用。

Objective To discuss the efficacy of cimetidine combined with acyclovir in treatment of children with varicella. Methods 80 cases of varicella were randomly divided into two groups. The observation group (40 cases)was treated with cimetidine combined with acyclovir treatment. The control group (40 cases)was given the acyclovir. Observe and record the two groups of children with clinical efficacy, fever time, rash scab, itching disappeared time after treatment, before and after treatment during the HAMA score and the treatment of adverse reactions. The clinical curative effect of cimetidine combined with acyclovir in treatment of children with varicella was evaluated. Results The observation group of total effective rate was 87.5%. The control group of total effective rate was 65%. The total effective rate of observation group was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the fever time, skin rash, scab time and pruritus disappeared in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Before treatment, there was no statistical difference in HAMA scores between the two groups. After treatment, the scores of HAMA in the two groups were significantly lower than those in the same group before and after treatment (P<0.05), and the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05).There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups during the treatment.Conclusion Cimetidine combined with acyclovir have a good therapeutic effect on varicella. They can rapidly improve the clinical symptoms of pediatric varicella, reduce anxiety with high safety. It is worthy of clinical use.