目的 研究孟鲁司特对儿童支气管哮喘的临床疗效、肺功能及炎症因子水平的影响。方法 选择2014年9月-2016年3月在铜川市妇幼保健院进行诊治的支气管哮喘患儿124例，随机分为观察组与对照组，每组62例。对照组给予常规吸入激素治疗，观察组在对照组基础上加用孟鲁司特钠咀嚼片。治疗3个月后，观察两组的疗效，进行日夜间症状评分，用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清中白介素（IL）-6、IL-8、核转录因子κB（NF-κB）的水平，用肺功能测试仪检测肺功能。结果 观察组的有效率为88.71%，明显高于对照组的62.90%（P<0.05）；治疗后，两组患儿的日夜间症状评分均明显降低（P<0.05），且观察组降低更为明显（P<0.05）；治疗后，两组患儿的呼气流量峰值（PEF）、一秒钟用力呼气量（FEV1）、50%肺活量最大呼气流速（V₅₀）与25%肺活量最大呼气流速（V₂₅）均明显升高（P<0.05），且观察组升高更为明显（P<0.05）；治疗后，两组患儿的IL-6、IL-8、NF-κB水平均明显降低（P<0.05），且观察组降低更为明显（P<0.05）。结论 孟鲁司特对儿童支气管哮喘具有较好的临床疗效，能明显改善患儿的日夜间症状和肺功能，并降低IL-6、IL-8、NF-κB水平。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Montelukast on pulmonary function, IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB in children with bronchial asthma. Methods Totally 124 cases of patients with bronchial asthma who were treated in Tongchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September 2014 to March 2016 were selected and divided into two groups randomly. The patients in control group were treated with regular inhaled corticosteroid therapy, and the patients in observation group were treated with Montelukast based on the treatment of control group. After treatment for 3 months, the curative effects, day and night symptom scores, pulmonary functions, IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB of two groups were observed. Results The effective rate of observation group was 88.71% (55/62), significantly higher than that of control group (62.90%, 39/62) (P<0.05). After treatment, the day and night symptom scores of two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the observation group decreased more significantly (P<0.05); The PEF%, FEV1%, V₅₀, and V₂₅ of two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the observation group increased more significantly (P<0.05); IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB of two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the observation group decreased mors significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Montelukast has good curative effect on children with bronchial asthma, and can improve the day and night symptom and pulmonary function and reduce the levels of IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB.