齐墩果酸和熊果酸对三酰甘油和胆固醇的吸收、合成和代谢都有调控作用,有望成为抗代谢综合征新药.通过拟胰岛素样作用和促进过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)-α表达以及调控脂肪细胞PPAR-γ表达和分化,调控脂质合成、代谢和转运的各种关键酶基因的表达,从而对抗脂肪细胞激素的炎症反应和白色脂肪形成,促进棕色脂肪和骨骼肌生长、增加机体能量消耗;又都是选择性G蛋白偶联胆汁酸受体TGR5激动剂,能稳定脂质、葡萄糖和能量的体内平衡.

Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid have regulative actions on the absorption, synthesis, and metabolism of triglyceride and cholesterol. They are hopeful to become new drugs against metabolism syndrome. Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid could regulate the expression of key enzymes genes about synthesis, metabolism, and transport of lipids by imitating insulin-like effects, improving PPAR-α expression, and regulating the differentiation and PPAR-γ expression in adipocytes. Thus oleanolic acid and ursolic acid can inhibit adipokine inflammation and white adipogenesis, increase skeletal muscle and brown fat mass, and improve body energy consumption. Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid are the selective agonists of TGR5, a G protein-coupled bile acid receptor, and may improve the homeostasis of glucose, lipids, and energy.