目的 筛选荒漠植物老瓜头全草镇痛、抗炎作用的活性部位。方法 微波辅助萃取法制备老瓜头全草70%乙醇提取物，分别用二氯甲烷、醋酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取3次；以二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀法、角叉菜胶致小鼠足肿胀法为抗炎筛选方法；以冰醋酸扭体法、热板法为镇痛筛选方法。结果 与生理盐水组比较，二氯甲烷层低、中、高剂量（200、400、800 mg/kg）对小鼠耳肿胀、足肿胀均有显著抑制作用（P＜0.05，0.01），中、高剂量组肿胀抑制率与阳性药吲哚美辛相当；二氯甲烷层低、中、高剂量均能显著延长小鼠痛阈值（P＜0.05，0.01），减少扭体次数（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）；醋酸乙酯层仅高剂量（800 mg/kg）有显著镇痛、抗炎活性（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）；正丁醇层无镇痛、抗炎活性。结论 二氯甲烷层镇痛、抗炎活性均最强，其活性与阳性药吲哚美辛相当，为生品老瓜头镇痛、抗炎活性部位。

Objective To screen the active fractions of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in the whole herb of desert plant, Cynanchum komarovii. Methods The 70% ethyl acetate extracts were prepared by microwave assisted extraction method and then were extracted by dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butyl alcohol for three times, respectively. The experiments of mice ear swelling induced by xylene and paw edema induced by carrageenan were applied to screen the anti-inflammatory effect, and the hot plate and glacial acetic acid writhing tests were adopted to observe the analgesic effect. Results Compared with the physiological saline group, the low-, mid-, and high-dose dichloromethane extracts (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg) had a significant inhibition on mice ear swelling and paw edema (P < 0.05, 0.01). The swelling inhibitory rates of mid- and high-dose dichloromethane extracts were equivalent to the positive medicine indomethacin. The dichloromethane extracts could significantly reduce the writhing times and prolong the pain threshold of mice. Only the high-dose ethyl acetate fraction had the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects (P < 0.05, 0.01) and n-butyl alcohol extraction had no activity. Conclusion Dichloromethane fraction has the strong analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects equal to the positive medicine indomethacin, and is the active fraction in the whole herb of C. komarovii.

新世纪优秀人才支持计划（NCET-10-0915）；宁夏科技攻关宁陕合作项目；中国药学会-施维雅西部项目资助