目的 对db/db小鼠进行生物学特性研究，满足糖尿病研究的需要。方法 在试验周期内，测定db/db小鼠的空腹血糖、体质量及摄食饮水量，并测定21周龄模型动物的糖耐量、血中胰岛素、胰高血糖素、三酰甘油、总胆固醇等指标的水平，进行胰腺的免疫组化双重染色及主要脏器的病理学检查，并与db/m小鼠进行比较。结果 与对照组db/m小鼠比较，db/db小鼠过度肥胖，伴有高血糖、胰岛素抵抗、脂质代谢紊乱，且肝脏和胰腺组织均出现明显病变，胰腺免疫组化双重染色结果与血液学测定结果一致，并可观察到胰岛中A细胞和B细胞的分布变化情况。结论 对自发性2型糖尿病模型db/db小鼠所做的相关生物学特性检测，可供糖尿病研究参考。

Objective To meet the need of study on diabetes mellitus, we investigated the biological characteristics of db/db mice. Methods In this experiment, fasting blood glucose, body weight, food intake, and water intake were measured. Fasting blood glucose levels in oral glucose tolerance test were observed on db/db mice of 21 weeks old. Meanwhile, the mice were sacrificed for the detection of insulin, glucagon, triglyceride (TG), and total clolesterol (TC) in serum, immunohistochemical double staining in pancreas, and morphological study. All the data of db/db mice were compared with those of db/m mice in statistics. Results Compared with db/m mice, obesity, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and lipid metabolism disorder were serious on db/db mice, following obvious pathological deterioration of liver and pancreas. In accordance with the result of blood testing, change in distribution of A cells and B cells could be observed in immunohistochemical double staining on pancreas of db/db mice. Conclusion The db/db mice could be used as appropriate disease models of type 2 diabetes mellitus, providing the relevant biological information for further study in this field.