T细胞过继性转移可以增强免疫系统介导的对肿瘤细胞的消除，是近年来获得较高关注的一种特异性、无毒性的癌症新疗法，此方法对于治疗血液性和实体恶性肿瘤具有一定效果。对T细胞进行基因修饰能够增强其免疫能力，保持T细胞的持久活性，同时也可以克服肿瘤自身的免疫逃避机制，潜在提高免疫治疗应用于多种肿瘤疾病的成功率。在T细胞过继转移中，T细胞受体（TCR）基因转移作为一种发展迅速的免疫治疗方法，可以在体外产生大量的具有已知抗原特异性和功能亲和性的T细胞，应用于病毒感染或病毒相关恶性肿瘤的过继细胞免疫治疗。TCR基因转移利用逆转录病毒或慢病毒作为载体，其中包含了从所需抗体特异性T细胞群中克隆得到的TCR-α和TCR-β链基因序列，然后应用TCR编码载体转导体外的原始T细胞。为产生带有所需功能特异性的转导T细胞，引入的TCR-α和TCR-β链必须形成异源二聚体，与CD3复合体结合从而在T细胞表面稳定表达。

T cell adoptive transfer could enhance immune-mediated elimination of tumor cells with high concerns for providing a specific and non-toxic cancer therapy,. This approach has been effective in treating some hematologic and solid malignancies. Moreover, genetic modification of T cells could improve their immunopotency, maintain their persistence, and overcome the tumor immune evasion mechanisms as well, so as to potentially increase the achievement rate of immunotherapy in a wide range of tumors. In T cell adoptive transfer, T cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer, a rapid developing strategy of immunotherapy, can generate a number of T cells with a given antigen-specificity and functional avidity in vitro and is used to treat viral infectious diseases and virus-associated malignancies and caner. TCR gene transfer utilizes retrovirus or lentivirus as vectors which contain gene sequences of the TCR-α and β chains. TCR-α and -β chains were cloned from a T-cell population with the desired antigen specificity. Then the TCR encoding vector is used to transduce primary T cells in vitro. To generate a transduced T cell with the disired functional specificity, the introduced TCR-α and -β chains must form a heterodimer and combine with the CD3 complex in order to be stably expressed at the T-cell surface.