目的 探讨苦甘颗粒联合注射用头孢西丁钠治疗急性气管–支气管炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年5月—2018年5月在绵阳市中医医院治疗的急性气管–支气管炎患者86例，根据用药的不同分为对照组（43例）和治疗组（43例）。对照组静脉滴注注射用头孢西丁钠，2.0 g加入100 mL生理盐水，2次/d；治疗组在对照组的基础上口服苦甘颗粒，8 g/次，3次/d。两组患者均经过2周治疗。观察两组患者临床疗效，同时比较治疗前后两组患者临症状改善时间及血清超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、半胱氨酰白三烯（CysLTs）、降钙素原（PCT）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和人可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1（sTREM-1）水平。结果 治疗后，对照组临床有效率为81.40%，显著低于治疗组的97.67%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组热消退、咳嗽咳痰消失、肺部啰音消失和喘息症状消失时间均显著早于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者血清hs-CRP、CysLTs、PCT、IL-1β和sTREM-1水平均显著降低（P<0.05），且治疗组患者这些炎症因子水平明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 苦甘颗粒联合头孢西丁钠治疗急性气管–支气管炎有利于临床症状改善，还可降低机体hs-CRP、CysLTs、PCT、IL-1β、sTREM-1水平，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Kugan Granules combined with Cefoxitin Sodium for injection in treatment of acute trachitis and bronchitis. Methods Patients (86 cases) with acute trachitis and bronchitis in Mianyang Hospital of TCM from May 2017 to May 2018 were divided into control (43 cases) and treatment (43 cases) groups based on different treatments. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Cefoxitin Sodium for injection, 2.0 g added into 100 mL normal saline, twice daily. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Kugan Granules on the basis of the control group, 8 g/time, three times daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 2 weeks. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the improvement time of clinical symptoms, serum hs-CRP, CysLTs, PCT, IL-1β, and sTREM-1 levels in two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacy in the control group was 81.40%, which was significantly lower than 97.67% in the treatment group, and there were differences between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the antipyretic time, the improvement time of cough and expectoration, lung rales and wheezing symptoms in the treatment group was significantly earlier than that in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, serum hs-CRP, CysLTs, PCT, IL-1β, and sTREM-1 levels in two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and these factors in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Kugan Granules combined with Cefoxitin Sodium for injection in treatment of acute trachitis and bronchitis can improves clinical symptoms, and reduces the levels of hs-CRP, CysLTs, PCT, IL-1β and sTREM-1, which has a certain clinical application value.